Bonsaksen Tore
Department of Occupational Therapy, Prosthetics and Orthotics, Faculty of Health Sciences, OsloMet - Oslo Metropolitan University, Oslo, Norway.
Faculty of Health Studies, VID Specialized University, Sandnes, Norway.
Occup Ther Int. 2018 May 10;2018:8680915. doi: 10.1155/2018/8680915. eCollection 2018.
Life events, illness, and disability may alter a person's role participation, in which case occupational therapy may be an appropriate intervention. However, role participation data derived from the general population, which is required for meaningful comparison, is largely missing. This study is aimed at describing past, present, and anticipated role participation in a general population sample from Norway and at examining differences in current role participation between age groups.
In 2015, a sample of 140 persons (age range 19-94 years, 65% females) from the Norwegian general population completed the Role Checklist at one occasion. The data were analyzed descriptively and with chi-square tests and one-way analysis of variance.
The most frequent role was a home maintainer (93.6%), and the least frequent was a religious participant (7.1%). Participants aged 65 years and above had fewer roles compared with their younger counterparts and had to a larger extent experienced role loss over the course of their lives.
Role continuity was the most prevalent role pattern in the total sample, whereas role loss appeared to be the most prevalent role pattern among those in the oldest age group. Rehabilitation services in general and participation-focused occupational therapy in particular may profit from assessing role participation in clients and potentially target roles through intervention.
生活事件、疾病和残疾可能会改变一个人的角色参与情况，在这种情况下，职业治疗可能是一种合适的干预措施。然而，进行有意义的比较所需的来自普通人群的角色参与数据在很大程度上缺失。本研究旨在描述挪威普通人群样本中过去、现在和预期的角色参与情况，并检验不同年龄组之间当前角色参与的差异。
2015年，来自挪威普通人群的140人样本（年龄范围19 - 94岁，65%为女性）一次性完成了角色清单。对数据进行了描述性分析，并进行了卡方检验和单因素方差分析。
最常见的角色是家庭维持者（93.6%），最不常见的是宗教参与者（7.1%）。65岁及以上的参与者与年轻参与者相比，角色数量更少，并且在其一生中经历角色丧失的程度更大。
角色连续性是总样本中最普遍的角色模式，而角色丧失似乎是最年长年龄组中最普遍的角色模式。一般的康复服务，特别是以参与为重点的职业治疗，可能会从评估客户的角色参与情况并通过干预潜在地针对特定角色中受益。
