Yetisen Ali K, Martinez-Hurtado Juan Leonardo, Ünal Barış, Khademhosseini Ali, Butt Haider
Institute for Measurement Systems and Sensor Technology, Technische Universität München, Theresienstrasse 90, Munich, 80333, Germany.
School of Chemical Engineering, The University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
Adv Mater. 2018 Jun 11;30(33):e1706910. doi: 10.1002/adma.201706910.
Wearables as medical technologies are becoming an integral part of personal analytics, measuring physical status, recording physiological parameters, or informing schedule for medication. These continuously evolving technology platforms do not only promise to help people pursue a healthier life style, but also provide continuous medical data for actively tracking metabolic status, diagnosis, and treatment. Advances in the miniaturization of flexible electronics, electrochemical biosensors, microfluidics, and artificial intelligence algorithms have led to wearable devices that can generate real-time medical data within the Internet of things. These flexible devices can be configured to make conformal contact with epidermal, ocular, intracochlear, and dental interfaces to collect biochemical or electrophysiological signals. This article discusses consumer trends in wearable electronics, commercial and emerging devices, and fabrication methods. It also reviews real-time monitoring of vital signs using biosensors, stimuli-responsive materials for drug delivery, and closed-loop theranostic systems. It covers future challenges in augmented, virtual, and mixed reality, communication modes, energy management, displays, conformity, and data safety. The development of patient-oriented wearable technologies and their incorporation in randomized clinical trials will facilitate the design of safe and effective approaches.
可穿戴设备作为医疗技术正成为个人分析的一个组成部分，用于测量身体状况、记录生理参数或告知用药时间表。这些不断发展的技术平台不仅有望帮助人们追求更健康的生活方式，还能为积极跟踪代谢状况、诊断和治疗提供持续的医疗数据。柔性电子学、电化学生物传感器、微流体学和人工智能算法的小型化进展催生了可穿戴设备，这些设备能够在物联网中生成实时医疗数据。这些柔性设备可以进行配置，以便与表皮、眼部、耳蜗内和牙齿界面进行贴合接触，从而收集生化或电生理信号。本文讨论了可穿戴电子产品的消费趋势、商业和新兴设备以及制造方法。它还综述了使用生物传感器对生命体征进行实时监测、用于药物递送的刺激响应材料以及闭环治疗诊断系统。它涵盖了增强现实、虚拟现实和混合现实、通信模式、能量管理、显示器、贴合性和数据安全方面的未来挑战。以患者为导向的可穿戴技术的发展及其纳入随机临床试验将有助于设计安全有效的方法。
