Hamasaki Hidetaka
Department of Internal Medicine, National Center for Global Health and Medicine Kohnodai Hospital, 1-7-1 Kohnodai, Chiba 272-8516, Japan.
Hamasaki Clinic, 2-21-4 Nishida, Kagoshima 890-0046, Japan.
Sports (Basel). 2016 May 31;4(2):32. doi: 10.3390/sports4020032.
Cardiac natriuretic peptides (NPs) play an important role in the regulation of energy expenditure in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue. A systematic review on the effects of exercise on NPs in patients with heart failure reported that aerobic and resistance training reduced NPs; however, the effects of exercise on NPs and the underlying mechanism of exercise-induced NP secretion in subjects without heart failure remain unknown. In athletes and young, healthy subjects, the NP concentration at rest is not elevated, but strenuous endurance exercise significantly increases NPs. The exercise-induced increase in NPs may be caused by transient myocardial wall stress, cardiomyocyte metabolic changes, or neuroendocrinological response, which may have cytoprotective and growth-regulating effects on the heart. On the other hand, in elderly, overweight/obese subjects, and patients with hypertension, NP concentrations also increase during exercise; however, NP secretion may be more susceptible to cardiac stress compared to young, healthy individuals. Recent studies have shown that NPs are associated with thermogenesis in fat tissue and oxidative capacity in skeletal muscles. NPs may also have a protective role for skeletal muscle in humans, although further studies are warranted to elucidate the physiological mechanism of exercise-induced NP secretion.
心脏利钠肽（NPs）在骨骼肌和脂肪组织的能量消耗调节中发挥重要作用。一项关于运动对心力衰竭患者NPs影响的系统评价报告称，有氧训练和抗阻训练会降低NPs；然而，运动对无心力衰竭受试者NPs的影响以及运动诱导NP分泌的潜在机制仍不清楚。在运动员以及年轻健康受试者中，静息时的NP浓度并未升高，但剧烈耐力运动会显著增加NPs。运动诱导的NPs增加可能是由短暂的心肌壁应力、心肌细胞代谢变化或神经内分泌反应引起的，这些反应可能对心脏具有细胞保护和生长调节作用。另一方面，在老年人、超重/肥胖受试者以及高血压患者中，运动期间NP浓度也会增加；然而，与年轻健康个体相比，NP分泌可能对心脏应激更敏感。最近的研究表明，NPs与脂肪组织中的产热以及骨骼肌中的氧化能力有关。NPs可能对人体骨骼肌也具有保护作用，不过仍需要进一步研究来阐明运动诱导NP分泌的生理机制。
