Botyar Malihe, Kashanian Maryam, Abadi Zahra Rezaei Habib, Noor Maryam Heidarian, Khoramroudi Rozita, Monfaredi Monire, Nasehe Golnar
Department of Midwifery, University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Biology, Islamic Azad University, Karaj Branch, Karaj, Iran.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2018 Jan-Feb;7(1):124-129. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_227_17.
Self-medication is a serious health problem that leads to an increased per capita consumption of medications, drug resistance, lack of optimal treatment, drug poisoning, and other unwanted complications. This study was conducted to compare self-medication in pregnant and nonpregnant women presenting to Shahid Akbar Abadi Teaching Hospital in Tehran, Iran.
To conduct this cross-sectional study, 210 pregnant women and 210 nonpregnant women aged 15-45 years presenting to Shahid Akbar Abadi Teaching Hospital, Tehran, Iran, were selected through random sampling. Data were collected through interviews using a semi-structured questionnaire. The Chi-square test, -test, and logistic regression model were used to analyze the data.
The prevalence of self-medication was 34.8% in the pregnant and 77.1% in the nonpregnant women. The age group in which the most frequent instances of self-medication were observed (53.4%) was the 21-30 age group in the pregnant women and the 31-40 age group (44.4%) in the nonpregnant women, suggesting a statistically significant intergroup difference in terms of age ( = 0.0001). Medicinal plants were the most common medications used by the pregnant women (19.6%) and synthetic medications were the most common used by the nonpregnant women (38.1%). The reasons for using medications without a prescription included believing in the illness being mild (22.8%), not having health insurance (9%), easy access in the pregnant women, a previous history of the illness, and easy access in the nonpregnant women.
As medicinal plants are the most common medications used by pregnant women and since assessing the risk of herbal substances is difficult, pregnant women should be advised against the arbitrary use of these substances.
自我药疗是一个严重的健康问题，会导致人均用药量增加、耐药性、缺乏最佳治疗、药物中毒及其他不良并发症。本研究旨在比较前往伊朗德黑兰沙希德·阿克巴·阿巴迪教学医院就诊的孕妇和非孕妇的自我药疗情况。
为开展这项横断面研究，通过随机抽样选取了210名年龄在15至45岁之间、前往伊朗德黑兰沙希德·阿克巴·阿巴迪教学医院就诊的孕妇和210名非孕妇。通过使用半结构化问卷进行访谈来收集数据。采用卡方检验、t检验和逻辑回归模型对数据进行分析。
孕妇的自我药疗患病率为34.8%，非孕妇为77.1%。自我药疗最常见的年龄组（53.4%）在孕妇中是21至30岁年龄组，在非孕妇中是31至40岁年龄组，这表明在年龄方面组间存在统计学上的显著差异（P = 0.0001）。药用植物是孕妇最常用的药物（19.6%），合成药物是非孕妇最常用的药物（38.1%）。无处方用药的原因包括认为病情较轻（22.8%）、没有健康保险（9%）、孕妇容易获取、有该疾病既往史以及非孕妇容易获取。
由于药用植物是孕妇最常用的药物，且评估草药物质的风险较为困难，应建议孕妇不要随意使用这些物质。
