Cohen Koby, Weinstein Aviv M
Behavioral Science, Ariel University, Science Park, Ariel, Israel.
Front Public Health. 2018 Jun 7;6:162. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2018.00162. eCollection 2018.
There is a growing use of novel psychoactive substances containing synthetic cannabinoids. Synthetic cannabinoid products have effects similar to those of natural cannabis, yet, these drugs are more potent and dangerous, and have been associated with dangerous adverse effects. Here, we review current literature on the epidemiology, acute, and chronic effects of synthetic and natural cannabinoid-based drugs. Synthetic drugs contain a mixture of psychoactive compounds that mostly bind cannabinoid receptors with high potency. These synthetic drugs replicate the effects of natural cannabis and Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol but they induce more severe adverse effects including respiratory difficulties, hypertension, tachycardia, chest pain, muscle twitches, acute renal failure, anxiety, agitation, psychosis, suicidal ideation, and cognitive impairment. Chronic use of synthetic cannabinoids has been associated with serious psychiatric and medical conditions and even death. Given the growing popularity in the use of cannabinoid-based drugs and their harmful potential, there is a need for further research in this field.
含有合成大麻素的新型精神活性物质的使用正在增加。合成大麻素产品具有与天然大麻相似的效果，然而，这些药物效力更强且更危险，并与危险的不良反应相关。在此，我们综述了关于合成和天然大麻素类药物的流行病学、急性和慢性影响的当前文献。合成药物含有多种精神活性化合物的混合物，这些化合物大多能高效地与大麻素受体结合。这些合成药物复制了天然大麻和Δ9-四氢大麻酚的效果，但会引发更严重的不良反应，包括呼吸困难、高血压、心动过速、胸痛、肌肉抽搐、急性肾衰竭、焦虑、激动、精神病、自杀念头和认知障碍。长期使用合成大麻素与严重的精神和医疗状况甚至死亡相关。鉴于基于大麻素的药物使用日益普遍及其潜在危害，该领域需要进一步研究。
