Lopes Wanessa Casteluber, Marques Fúlvia Karine Santos, Oliveira Camila Ferreira de, Rodrigues Jéssica Alkmim, Silveira Marise Fagundes, Caldeira Antônio Prates, Pinho Lucinéia de
Faculdades de Saúde Ibituruna, Montes Claros, MG, Brasil.
Universidade Estadual de Montes Claros, Montes Claros, MG, Brasil.
Rev Paul Pediatr. 2018 Apr-Jun;36(2):164-170. doi: 10.1590/1984-0462/;2018;36;2;00004.
To analyze the prevalence of breastfeeding and the introduction of complementary food for zero to 24-month-old infants.
This is a population-based cross-sectional study of children aged less than 24 months in Montes Claros, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Data were collected in 2015, by interviews with people in charge of infant care in the house. The questionnaire administered assessed the sociodemographic status of the family, maternal and infant characteristics and food consumption habits. Survival analysis was used to calculate median prevalence and duration of breastfeeding and the introduction of complementary feeding.
With 180 days of life, 4.0% of the children were exclusively breastfed, 22.4% were mostly breastfed and 43.4% were fed breast milk as complementary food. In the third month of life, children were consuming water (56.8%), fruit juice or formula (15.5%) and cow's milk (10.6%). At the age of 12 months, 31.1% were consuming artificial juice and 50.0% were eating candies. Before the age of 1 year, 25.0% of them had already eaten instant noodles.
The introduction of drinks, honey, sugar and candies as complementary food was found to be premature; and solid and semi-solid foods were almost appropriate. The habits described can directly affect the success of breastfeeding. Given that the inadequate eating practices identified can compromise the infant's health, actions that promote breastfeeding and provide guidance on the introduction of complementary foods are important.
分析0至24个月婴儿的母乳喂养率及辅食添加情况。
这是一项基于巴西米纳斯吉拉斯州蒙特斯克拉罗斯市24个月以下儿童的横断面研究。2015年通过对家中负责婴儿照料的人员进行访谈收集数据。所使用的问卷评估了家庭的社会人口学状况、母婴特征及食物消费习惯。采用生存分析来计算母乳喂养及辅食添加的中位发生率和持续时间。
在出生180天时，4.0%的儿童纯母乳喂养，22.4%的儿童主要母乳喂养，43.4%的儿童以母乳作为辅食。在出生第三个月时，儿童开始饮用白开水（56.8%）以及果汁或配方奶（15.5%）和牛奶（10.6%）。在12个月大时，31.1%的儿童饮用人工果汁，50.0%的儿童吃糖果。在1岁之前，25.0%的儿童已经吃过方便面。
发现将饮料、蜂蜜、糖和糖果作为辅食添加过早；而固体和半固体食物添加基本合适。所描述的这些习惯会直接影响母乳喂养的成功。鉴于所发现的不当饮食习惯会损害婴儿健康，促进母乳喂养并提供辅食添加指导的行动很重要。
