Bugeza James, Muwonge Adrian, Munyeme Musso, Lasuba Phillip, Godfroid Jacques, Kankya Clovice
National Livestock Resources Research Institute, Tororo, Uganda.
Department of Genetics and Genomics-The Roslin Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2019 Sep;51(7):2073-2076. doi: 10.1007/s11250-018-1631-6. Epub 2018 Jun 12.
A cross-sectional study was carried out between November 2015 and January 2016 to determine the seroprevalence of Brucella antibodies in cattle raised under communal, fenced farms and tethering systems and the associated factors. Seven hundred twenty-eight bovine sera were collected and tested with rose Bengal test as a screening test and the indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay as a confirmatory test. Animal- and herd-level data were collected and binary logistic regression was used to assess the potential risk factors. True animal- and herd-level prevalence was highest in the fenced farms (4.5% (95%CI, 2.3-6.9) and 19.5% (95%CI, 8.2-32.7) respectively). The risks for natural brucellosis infection were sharing water with wild animals (OR = 0.21, 95%CI, 0.104-0.83), herd size (medium: OR = 0.089, 95%CI 0.017-0.449; large: OR = 0.024, 95%CI 0.003-0.203), fenced farms (OR = 3.7, 95% CI, 1.7-7.9), sex (OR = 0.03, 95%CI, 0.01-0.079), and lactation (OR = 0.013, 95%CI, 0.004-0.049). Changes in rangeland tenure and the shift towards intensive cattle production have influenced brucellosis epidemiology. Future studies should aim at identifying the infecting Brucellae and examining the role of wildlife in brucellosis epidemiology.
2015年11月至2016年1月开展了一项横断面研究，以确定在社区、围栏养殖和拴系养殖系统下饲养的牛群中布鲁氏菌抗体的血清流行率及其相关因素。收集了728份牛血清样本，先用虎红平板凝集试验进行筛查，再用间接酶联免疫吸附试验进行确诊。收集了动物和畜群层面的数据，并采用二元逻辑回归分析来评估潜在风险因素。围栏养殖的动物和畜群层面的实际流行率最高（分别为4.5%（95%CI，2.3 - 6.9）和19.5%（95%CI，8.2 - 32.7））。自然感染布鲁氏菌病的风险因素包括与野生动物共用水源（OR = 0.21，95%CI，0.104 - 0.83）、畜群规模（中等规模：OR = 0.089，95%CI 0.017 - 0.449；大规模：OR = 0.024，95%CI 0.003 - 0.203）、围栏养殖（OR = 3.7，95%CI，1.7 - 7.9）、性别（OR = 0.03，95%CI，0.01 - 0.079）以及泌乳状态（OR = 0.013，95%CI，0.004 - 0.049）。牧场权属的变化以及向集约化养牛生产方式的转变对布鲁氏菌病的流行病学产生了影响。未来的研究应致力于确定感染的布鲁氏菌种类，并研究野生动物在布鲁氏菌病流行病学中的作用。
