Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Prevention Research Center, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Ethn Health. 2020 Nov;25(8):1115-1131. doi: 10.1080/13557858.2018.1493434. Epub 2018 Jul 2.
: To examine diet quality and dietary intake among residents of disadvantaged neighborhoods in the Southeast United States (U.S.) and to examine associations between dietary and socioeconomic factors. : We examined baseline data from an evaluation study of a healthy food access initiative. Participants were recruited from two urban settings comprising seven neighborhoods of high household poverty (17% to 62%). Participants completed in-person interviews with measures of education, household income, and food security and one unannounced 24-hour dietary recall by telephone with trained registered dietitians. Food desert residence was coded based on U.S. Census data. Proportions meeting 2010 Dietary Guidelines for Americans and Healthy Eating Index 2010 (HEI-2010) scores were computed. Associations between dietary variables and participant's education, household income, food security, and food desert residence were tested. : Participants ( = 465) were predominantly African American (92%), women (80%), and overweight or obese (79%), and 52 ± 14 years of age. Sixty-three percent had low or very low food security, and 82% lived in census tracts of low income and low access to supermarkets (urban food desert). HEI-2010 scores averaged 48.8 ± 13.1. A minority of participants met dietary guidelines. Diet quality was lower among participants with lower education and among those from food insecure households ( < .05). Household income and food security were positively associated with meeting several dietary guidelines ( < .05). Food desert residence was unrelated to diet variables. : In this disadvantaged population, significant nutritional concerns were observed, and socioeconomic factors were associated with diet quality and meeting dietary guidelines. Interventions must address broader economic, social, and policy issues such as access to affordable healthy foods.
: 研究美国东南部贫困社区居民的饮食质量和饮食摄入情况，并研究饮食和社会经济因素之间的关联。: 我们研究了一项健康食品获取计划评估研究的基线数据。参与者从两个城市环境中招募，包括 7 个家庭贫困率高（17%至 62%）的社区。参与者完成了面对面的访谈，内容包括教育、家庭收入和粮食安全，以及由经过培训的注册营养师通过电话进行的一次未经通知的 24 小时饮食回忆。根据美国人口普查数据对食品荒漠居住情况进行编码。计算符合 2010 年美国人饮食指南和健康饮食指数 2010（HEI-2010）得分的比例。检验饮食变量与参与者教育、家庭收入、粮食安全和食品荒漠居住之间的关联。: 参与者（ = 465）主要是非洲裔美国人（92%）、女性（80%）和超重或肥胖（79%），平均年龄为 52±14 岁。63%的人食物安全水平低或非常低，82%的人居住在收入和超市可达性低的普查区（城市食品荒漠）。HEI-2010 平均得分为 48.8±13.1。少数参与者符合饮食指南。受教育程度较低和家庭粮食不安全的参与者的饮食质量较低（ < .05）。家庭收入和粮食安全与满足几项饮食指南呈正相关（ < .05）。食品荒漠居住与饮食变量无关。: 在这个弱势群体中，观察到了严重的营养问题，社会经济因素与饮食质量和满足饮食指南有关。干预措施必须解决更广泛的经济、社会和政策问题，例如获得负担得起的健康食品。
