Li Hang, Li Xia, Yuan Sheng, Jin Yalei, Lu Jinping
Department of Cardiology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China.
Department of Geratology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071 China.
Nutr Metab (Lond). 2018 Jun 22;15:46. doi: 10.1186/s12986-018-0282-y. eCollection 2018.
Nut consumption has been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. However, its role in the prevention of metabolic disorders, such as metabolic syndrome (Mets) and overweight/obesity, remains controversial. We therefore conducted a meta-analysis to determine the association of nut consumption with Mets and overweight/obesity.
Eligible studies were identified by searching the PubMed and Embase databases and by reviewing the references of relevant literatures. We used random effect models to pool the studies-specific risk ratio (RR) and weighted mean difference (WMD).
This meta-analysis included six prospective cohort studies with 420,890 subjects and 62 randomized feeding trials with 7184 participants. Among the cohort studies, the summary RR for every 1-serving/week increase in nut intake was 0.96 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92 to 0.99; = 3) for Mets, 0.97 (95% CI: 0.95 to 0.98; = 2) for overweight/obesity, and 0.95 (95% CI: 0.89 to 1.02; n = 2) for obesity. Pooling of randomized trials indicated that nut consumption was related to a significant reduction in body weight (WMD: - 0.22 Kg, 95% CI: -0.40 to - 0.04), body mass index (WMD: - 0.16 Kg/m, 95% CI: -0.31 to - 0.01), and waist circumference (WMD: - 0.51 cm, 95% CI: -0.95 to - 0.07). These findings remained stable in the sensitivity analysis, and no publication bias was detected.
Nut consumption may be beneficial in the prevention of Mets and overweight/obesity. Additional prospective studies are needed to enhance these findings and to explore the metabolic benefits for specific subclasses of nut.
食用坚果已被证明可降低心血管疾病风险。然而，其在预防代谢紊乱（如代谢综合征和超重/肥胖）中的作用仍存在争议。因此，我们进行了一项荟萃分析，以确定食用坚果与代谢综合征及超重/肥胖之间的关联。
通过检索PubMed和Embase数据库以及查阅相关文献的参考文献来确定符合条件的研究。我们使用随机效应模型汇总各研究的特定风险比（RR）和加权平均差（WMD）。
该荟萃分析纳入了6项前瞻性队列研究，共420,890名受试者，以及62项随机喂养试验，共7184名参与者。在队列研究中，坚果摄入量每增加1份/周，代谢综合征的汇总RR为0.96（95%置信区间[CI]：0.92至0.99；P = 3），超重/肥胖为0.97（95% CI：0.95至0.98；P = 2），肥胖为0.95（95% CI：0.89至1.02；n = 2）。随机试验的汇总表明，食用坚果与体重显著降低（WMD：-0.22千克，95% CI：-0.40至-0.04）、体重指数（WMD：-0.16千克/米，95% CI：-0.31至-0.01）和腰围（WMD：-0.51厘米，95% CI：-0.95至-0.07）有关。这些发现在敏感性分析中保持稳定，且未检测到发表偏倚。
食用坚果可能有助于预防代谢综合征和超重/肥胖。需要更多的前瞻性研究来强化这些发现，并探索特定种类坚果的代谢益处。
