Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Campus Juriquilla, Avenida de las Ciencias s/n, Juriquilla, 76230 Querétaro, Mexico.
Centro de Investigación y Desarrollo Tecnológico en Enfermedades Crónicas (CINDETEC) A.C., Avenida Jurica 122, Parque Industrial Querétaro, 76220 Querétaro, Mexico.
Nutrients. 2018 Jul 10;10(7):886. doi: 10.3390/nu10070886.
Infant formulas have been conventionally prepared with an excess of total protein in order to provide sufficient amounts of essential amino acids to the rapidly growing infant. However, this practice leads to higher than necessary protein intake during early infant development, inducing accelerated growth patterns correlated with the development of chronic diseases later in life. This study was aimed at assessing the safety of an infant formula enriched with bovine alpha-lactalbumin containing a total protein concentration very close to that of human milk, and determining its efficacy in the support of healthy infant growth from the first month to the fourth month of age. Healthy full-term infants ≤40 days of age were randomized in this controlled single blind trial to one of the following infant formulas: IF 1 (containing 1.0 g protein/dL; = 30), IF 2 (containing 1.3 g protein/dL; = 24), and IF 3 (containing 1.5 g protein/dL; = 42). A control group consisting of exclusively breastfed infants (HM; = 212) was included in the study. Anthropometric measurements and were evaluated at baseline, at 1 month of age, and at 4 months of age. Weight gain (g/day) was similar in the IF 1 and the HM groups ( = 0.644), and it was significantly greater in the IF 2 and IF 3 groups than in the HM group. Growth patterns in both breastfed or IF-fed infants were in accordance with the World Health Organization (WHO) growth standards. At four months of age, the mean weight-for-age (WAZ) adjusted for initial value in the IF 1 group was similar to that of the HM group and significantly lower than that of the IF 2 and IF 3 groups ( = 0.031 and = 0.014 for IF 2 and IF 3, respectively). Length-for-age (LAZ) adjusted for initial value was similar among all groups at four months of age. From 1 to 4 months of life, IF 1 containing 1.0 g protein/dL promotes growth and weight gain similar to those observed in exclusively breastfed infants. As this is a first approach to studying an IF containing total protein in a level below that recommended by international committees on nutrition, further investigations are needed to support these findings evaluating infant’s metabolic profile and growth in the long term.
婴儿配方奶粉传统上是以总蛋白含量过剩的方式来制备的，目的是为快速生长的婴儿提供足够数量的必需氨基酸。然而，这种做法导致婴儿在早期发育过程中摄入的蛋白质超过了必要量，从而导致与生命后期慢性疾病发展相关的加速生长模式。本研究旨在评估富含牛α-乳白蛋白的婴儿配方奶粉的安全性，该配方奶粉的总蛋白浓度非常接近人乳，并且确定其在支持健康婴儿从第一个月到第四个月生长的功效。这项随机对照单盲试验纳入了 ≤40 天大的健康足月婴儿，将其随机分为以下三种婴儿配方奶粉之一：IF1（含 1.0 g 蛋白/dL；n = 30）、IF2（含 1.3 g 蛋白/dL；n = 24）和 IF3（含 1.5 g 蛋白/dL；n = 42）。该研究还纳入了一个仅母乳喂养婴儿（HM；n = 212）的对照组。在基线、1 个月和 4 个月时评估体格测量和。体重增加（g/d）在 IF1 组和 HM 组之间相似（ = 0.644），在 IF2 和 IF3 组显著高于 HM 组。母乳喂养或 IF 喂养婴儿的生长模式均符合世界卫生组织（WHO）生长标准。在 4 个月时，IF1 组体重与年龄比（WAZ）的调整值与 HM 组相似，且显著低于 IF2 和 IF3 组（IF2 和 IF3 分别为 = 0.031 和 = 0.014）。在 4 个月时，所有组的身长与年龄比（LAZ）的调整值相似。从 1 个月到 4 个月，含 1.0 g 蛋白/dL 的 IF1 促进生长和体重增加，与仅母乳喂养婴儿观察到的结果相似。由于这是首次研究蛋白质总含量低于国际营养委员会推荐水平的 IF，因此需要进一步研究来支持这些发现，评估婴儿的代谢谱和长期生长情况。
