College of Resource Environment and Tourism, Capital Normal University, Beijing 100048, China.
Joint Center for Global Change Studies (JCGCS), Beijing 100875, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Jul 2;15(7):1382. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15071382.
Urbanization and industrialization have spurred air pollution, making it a global problem. An understanding of the spatiotemporal characteristics of PM and PM concentrations (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of less than 2.5 μm and 10 μm, respectively) is necessary to mitigate air pollution. We compared the characteristics of PM and PM concentrations and their trends of China, India, and the U.S. from 2014 to 2017. Particulate matter levels were lowest in the U.S., while China showed higher concentrations, and India showed the highest. Interestingly, significant declines in PM and PM concentrations were found in some of the most polluted regions in China as well as the U.S. No comparable decline was observed in India. A strong seasonal trend was observed in China and India, with the highest values occurring in winter and the lowest in summer. The opposite trend was noted for the U.S. PM was highly correlated with PM for both China and India, but the correlation was poor for the U.S. With regard to reducing particulate matter pollutant concentrations, developing countries can learn from the experiences of developed nations and benefit by establishing and implementing joint regional air pollution control programs.
城市化和工业化推动了空气污染，使其成为全球性问题。了解 PM 和 PM 浓度（空气动力学直径小于 2.5μm 和 10μm 的颗粒物）的时空特征，对于减轻空气污染至关重要。我们比较了 2014 年至 2017 年中国、印度和美国的 PM 和 PM 浓度特征及其趋势。美国的颗粒物水平最低，而中国的浓度较高，印度的浓度最高。有趣的是，中国和美国一些污染最严重的地区以及美国的 PM 和 PM 浓度都出现了显著下降。而印度则没有观察到可比的下降。中国和印度都表现出很强的季节性趋势，最高值出现在冬季，最低值出现在夏季。而美国则呈现相反的趋势。中国和印度的 PM 与 PM 高度相关，但美国的相关性较差。在降低颗粒物污染物浓度方面，发展中国家可以借鉴发达国家的经验，通过建立和实施联合区域空气污染控制计划从中受益。
