Department of Bioengineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo 43614, OH, USA.
Department of Bioengineering, The University of Toledo, Toledo 43614, OH, USA; Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Toledo Medical Center, Toledo 43614, OH, USA.
Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl. 2018 Oct 1;91:330-339. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2018.05.060. Epub 2018 May 18.
Zirconium (Zr) based bioceramic nanoparticles, as the filler material to chitosan (CS), for the development of composite scaffolds are less studied compared to hydroxyapatite nanoparticles. This is predominantly due to the biological similarity of nano-hydroxyapatite (nHA; Ca(PO)(OH)) with bone inorganic component. In this study, we compared the physical and biological properties of CS composite scaffolds hybridized with nHA, nano-zirconia (nZrO; ZrO), and nano-calcium zirconate (nCZ; CaZrO). For the first time in this study, the properties of CS-nCZ composite scaffolds have been reported. The porous composite scaffolds were developed using the freeze-drying technique. The compressive strength and modulus were in the range of 50-55 KPa and 0.75-0.95 MPa for composite scaffolds, significantly higher (p < 0.05), compared to CS alone scaffolds (28 KPa and 0.25 MPa) and were comparable among CS-nHA, CS-nZrO, and CS-nCZ scaffolds. Peak force quantitative nanomechanical mapping (PFQNM) using an atomic force microscope (AFM) showed that the Young's modulus of composite material was higher compared to only CS (p < 0.001), and the values were similar among the composite materials. One of the major issues in the use of Zr based bioceramic materials in bone tissue regeneration applications is their lower osteoblasts response. This study has shown that CS-nCZ supported higher proliferation of pre-osteoblasts compared to CS-nZrO and the spreading was more similar to that observed in CS-nHA scaffolds. Taken together, results show that the physical and biological properties, studied here, of CS composite with Zr based bio-ceramic was comparable with CS-nHA composite scaffolds and hence show the prospective of CS-nCZ for future bone tissue engineering applications.
基于氧化锆（Zr）的生物陶瓷纳米颗粒作为壳聚糖（CS）的填充材料，用于开发复合材料支架，与纳米羟基磷灰石（nHA；Ca(PO)(OH)）相比，研究较少。这主要是由于纳米羟基磷灰石（nHA；Ca(PO)(OH)）与骨无机成分的生物相似性。在这项研究中，我们比较了壳聚糖（CS）复合支架与纳米羟基磷灰石（nHA）、纳米氧化锆（nZrO；ZrO）和纳米硅酸锆（nCZ；CaZrO）杂交的物理和生物特性。在这项研究中，首次报道了 CS-nCZ 复合支架的性能。使用冷冻干燥技术开发了多孔复合支架。与单独的 CS 支架（28 KPa 和 0.25 MPa）相比，复合支架的抗压强度和模量在 50-55 KPa 和 0.75-0.95 MPa 范围内显著更高（p < 0.05），并且与 CS-nHA、CS-nZrO 和 CS-nCZ 支架相当。原子力显微镜（AFM）的峰值力定量纳米力学映射（PFQNM）表明，与仅 CS 相比，复合材料的杨氏模量更高（p < 0.001），并且复合材料之间的杨氏模量值相似。在骨组织再生应用中使用基于 Zr 的生物陶瓷材料的一个主要问题是成骨细胞反应较低。这项研究表明，CS-nCZ 比 CS-nZrO 更能支持前成骨细胞的增殖，并且其扩散更类似于在 CS-nHA 支架中观察到的扩散。综上所述，结果表明，在此研究中，CS 与基于 Zr 的生物陶瓷的物理和生物特性与 CS-nHA 复合支架相当，因此表明 CS-nCZ 具有用于未来骨组织工程应用的前景。
