A Lung Phantom Model to Study Pulmonary Edema Using Lung Ultrasound Surface Wave Elastography.

Lung ultrasound surface wave elastography (LUSWE) is a novel technique used to measure superficial lung tissue stiffness. A phantom study was carried out in the study described here to evaluate the application of LUSWE to assess lung water for pulmonary edema. A lung phantom model with cellulose sponge was used; various volumes of water were injected into the sponge to model lung water. Shaker-generated surface wave propagation on the sponge surface was recorded by a 10-MHz ultrasound probe at three shaker frequencies: 100, 150 and 200Hz. Surface wave speeds were calculated but did not exhibit dependence on the volume of injected water. However, the shear viscosity of the sponge increased with water content, and shear elasticity also exhibited a subtle increase. This study suggests that sponge viscoelasticity might change with the water content, which can be detected by LUSWE.