Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, USA.
Sensors (Basel). 2018 Aug 12;18(8):2641. doi: 10.3390/s18082641.
Dengue virus (DENV) is a highly pathogenic, arthropod-borne virus transmitted between people by Aedes mosquitoes. Despite efforts to prevent global spread, the potential for DENV epidemics is increasing world-wide. Annually, 3.6 billion people are at risk of infection. With no licensed vaccine, early diagnosis of dengue infection is critical for clinical management and patient survival. Detection of DENV non-structural protein 1 (NS1) is a clinically accepted biomarker for the early detection of DENV infection. Unfortunately, virtually all of the laboratory and commercial DENV NS1 diagnostic methods require a blood draw for sample analysis, limiting point-of-care diagnostics and decreases patient willingness. Alternatively, NS1 in human saliva has been identified for the potential early diagnosis of DENV infection. The collection of saliva is simple, non-invasive, painless, and inexpensive, even by minimally trained personnel. In this study, we present a label-free chemiresistive immunosensor for the detection of the DENV NS1 protein utilizing a network of single-walled carbon nanotubes functionalized with anti-dengue NS1 monoclonal antibodies. NS1 was successfully detected in adulterated artificial human saliva over the range of clinically relevant concentrations with high sensitivity and selectivity. It has potential application in clinical diagnosis and the ease of collection allows for self-testing, even within the home.
登革热病毒（DENV）是一种高致病性、节肢动物传播的病毒，通过埃及伊蚊在人与人之间传播。尽管人们努力防止其在全球范围内传播，但 DENV 爆发的可能性仍在全球范围内不断增加。每年，有 36 亿人面临感染的风险。由于没有许可的疫苗，登革热感染的早期诊断对临床管理和患者生存至关重要。检测登革热非结构蛋白 1（NS1）是一种临床认可的生物标志物，可用于早期检测登革热感染。不幸的是，几乎所有实验室和商业 DENV NS1 诊断方法都需要采集血液样本进行分析，这限制了即时诊断的应用，并降低了患者的意愿。另一方面，人类唾液中的 NS1 已被确定为登革热感染的早期诊断的潜在标志物。唾液采集简单、无创、无痛且价格低廉，即使是训练有素的人员也可以进行采集。在这项研究中，我们提出了一种基于无标记的电化学免疫传感器，用于利用单壁碳纳米管网络检测 DENV NS1 蛋白，该网络通过抗登革热 NS1 单克隆抗体进行功能化。在临床相关浓度范围内，成功地检测到了人工掺杂的人工唾液中的 NS1，具有高灵敏度和选择性。它具有潜在的临床诊断应用，并且采集的便利性允许自我检测，甚至可以在家中进行。
