Department of Pathobiology, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada.
Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Beni-Suef University, Al Shamlah, Beni-Suef, 62511, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2018 Aug 13;8(1):12076. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-30510-w.
Campylobacter jejuni is a leading bacterial cause of human gastroenteritis. Reducing Campylobacter numbers in the intestinal tract of chickens will minimize transmission to humans, thereby reducing the incidence of infection. We have previously shown that oral pre-treatment of chickens with C. jejuni lysate and Poly D, L-lactide-co-glycolide polymer nanoparticles (PLGA NPs) containing CpG oligodeoxynucleotide (ODN) can reduce the number of C. jejuni in infected chickens. In the current study, the effects of these pre-treatments on the composition and functional diversity of the cecal microbiota, in chickens experimentally infected with C. jejuni, were investigated using next-generation sequencing. The taxonomic composition analysis revealed a reduction in cecal microbial diversity and considerable changes in the taxonomic profiles of the microbial communities of C. jejuni-challenged chickens. On the other hand, irrespective of the dose, the microbiota of PLGA-encapsulated CpG ODN- and C. jejuni lysate-treated chickens exhibited higher microbial diversity associated with high abundance of members of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and lower numbers of Campylobacter than untreated-chickens. These findings suggest that oral administration of encapsulated CpG ODN and C. jejuni lysate can reduce colonization by C. jejuni by enhancing the proliferation of specific microbial groups. The mechanisms that mediate these changes remain, however, to be elucidated.
空肠弯曲菌是人类肠胃炎的主要细菌性病因。减少鸡肠道中的空肠弯曲菌数量将最大限度地减少向人类的传播，从而降低感染的发生率。我们之前已经表明，用空肠弯曲菌裂解物和含有 CpG 寡脱氧核苷酸（ODN）的聚丙交酯乙交酯共聚物纳米颗粒（PLGA NPs）对鸡进行口服预处理可以减少感染鸡中空肠弯曲菌的数量。在当前的研究中，使用下一代测序技术研究了这些预处理对实验感染空肠弯曲菌的鸡盲肠微生物群的组成和功能多样性的影响。分类组成分析表明，盲肠微生物多样性降低，空肠弯曲菌感染鸡的微生物群落的分类特征发生了相当大的变化。另一方面，无论剂量如何，PLGA 包封的 CpG ODN 和空肠弯曲菌裂解物处理的鸡的微生物群表现出更高的微生物多样性，与厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门的丰度较高以及空肠弯曲菌数量较低相关，而未经处理的鸡则没有。这些发现表明，口服给予包封的 CpG ODN 和空肠弯曲菌裂解物可以通过增强特定微生物群的增殖来减少空肠弯曲菌的定植。然而，介导这些变化的机制仍有待阐明。
