Kitson Alexandra, Prpa Mirjana, Riecke Bernhard E
iSpaceLab, School of Interactive Arts and Technology, Simon Fraser University, Surrey, BC, Canada.
Front Psychol. 2018 Aug 3;9:1354. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.01354. eCollection 2018.
Practices such as mindfulness, introspection, and self-reflection are known to have positive short and long-term effects on health and well-being. However, in today's modern, fast-paced, technological world tempted by distractions these practices are often hard to access and relate to a broader audience. Consequently, technologies have emerged that mediate personal experiences, which is reflected in the high number of available applications designed to elicit positive changes. These technologies elicit positive changes by bringing users' attention to the self-from technologies that show representation of quantified personal data, to technologies that provide experiences that guide the user closer in understanding the self. However, while many designs available today are either built to support or are informed by these aforementioned practices, the question remains: how can we most effectively employ different design elements and interaction strategies to support positive change? Moreover, what types of input and output modalities contribute to eliciting positive states? To address these questions, we present here a state of the art scoping review of immersive interactive technologies that serve in a role of a mediator for positive change in users. We performed a literature search using ACM Digital Library, Web of Science, IEEE Xplore, and Design and Applied Arts Index (beginning of literature-January 1, 2018). We retrieved English-language articles for review, and we searched for published and unpublished studies. Risk of bias was assessed with Downs and Black 26-item QAT scale. We included 34 articles as relevant to the literature, and the analysis of the articles resulted in 38 instances of 33 immersive, interactive experiences relating to positive human functioning. Our contribution is three-fold: First we provide a scoping review of immersive interactive technologies for positive change; Second, we propose both a framework for future designs of positive interactive technologies and design consideration informed by the comparative analysis of the designs; Third, we provide design considerations for immersive, interactive technologies to elicit positive states and support positive change.
诸如正念、内省和自我反思等行为，已知对健康和幸福有着积极的短期和长期影响。然而，在当今这个被各种干扰因素诱惑的现代、快节奏科技世界里，这些行为往往难以触及，也难以与更广泛的受众产生关联。因此，出现了一些能够调节个人体验的技术，这体现在大量旨在引发积极变化的应用程序上。这些技术通过将用户的注意力引向自我来引发积极变化——从展示量化个人数据的技术，到提供引导用户更深入理解自我体验的技术。然而，尽管如今许多设计要么是为了支持上述行为而构建，要么是受其启发，但问题仍然存在：我们如何才能最有效地运用不同的设计元素和交互策略来支持积极变化？此外，哪些类型的输入和输出方式有助于引发积极状态？为了解决这些问题，我们在此呈现对沉浸式交互技术的最新综述，这些技术在促进用户积极变化方面起到了媒介作用。我们使用ACM数字图书馆、科学网、IEEE Xplore以及设计与应用艺术索引（从文献起始时间到2018年1月1日）进行了文献检索。我们检索了英文文章以供综述，并搜索了已发表和未发表的研究。使用唐斯和布莱克26项质量评估量表评估偏倚风险。我们纳入了34篇与文献相关的文章，对这些文章的分析得出了33种与积极人类功能相关的沉浸式交互体验中的38个实例。我们的贡献有三个方面：第一，我们对促进积极变化的沉浸式交互技术进行了综述；第二，我们为积极交互技术的未来设计提出了一个框架以及基于设计比较分析得出的设计考量；第三，我们为沉浸式交互技术提供了设计考量以引发积极状态并支持积极变化。
