Spanakis Emmanouil G, Santana Silvina, Tsiknakis Manolis, Marias Kostas, Sakkalis Vangelis, Teixeira António, Janssen Joris H, de Jong Henri, Tziraki Chariklia
Computational BioMedicine Laboratory (CBML), Institute of Computer Science (ICS), Foundation for Research and Technology (FORTH), Heraklion, Greece.
J Med Internet Res. 2016 Jun 24;18(6):e128. doi: 10.2196/jmir.4863.
New community-based arrangements and novel technologies can empower individuals to be active participants in their health maintenance, enabling people to control and self-regulate their health and wellness and make better health- and lifestyle-related decisions. Mobile sensing technology and health systems responsive to individual profiles combined with cloud computing can expand innovation for new types of interoperable services that are consumer-oriented and community-based. This could fuel a paradigm shift in the way health care can be, or should be, provided and received, while lessening the burden on exhausted health and social care systems.
Our goal is to identify and discuss the main scientific and engineering challenges that need to be successfully addressed in delivering state-of-the-art, ubiquitous eHealth and mHealth services, including citizen-centered wellness management services, and reposition their role and potential within a broader context of diverse sociotechnical drivers, agents, and stakeholders.
We review the state-of-the-art relevant to the development and implementation of eHealth and mHealth services in critical domains. We identify and discuss scientific, engineering, and implementation-related challenges that need to be overcome to move research, development, and the market forward.
Several important advances have been identified in the fields of systems for personalized health monitoring, such as smartphone platforms and intelligent ubiquitous services. Sensors embedded in smartphones and clothes are making the unobtrusive recognition of physical activity, behavior, and lifestyle possible, and thus the deployment of platforms for health assistance and citizen empowerment. Similarly, significant advances are observed in the domain of infrastructure supporting services. Still, many technical problems remain to be solved, combined with no less challenging issues related to security, privacy, trust, and organizational dynamics.
Delivering innovative ubiquitous eHealth and mHealth services, including citizen-centered wellness and lifestyle management services, goes well beyond the development of technical solutions. For the large-scale information and communication technology-supported adoption of healthier lifestyles to take place, crucial innovations are needed in the process of making and deploying usable empowering end-user services that are trusted and user-acceptable. Such innovations require multidomain, multilevel, transdisciplinary work, grounded in theory but driven by citizens' and health care professionals' needs, expectations, and capabilities and matched by business ability to bring innovation to the market.
基于社区的新安排和新技术能够使个人积极参与自身健康维护，让人们能够控制和自我调节自身的健康状况，并做出与健康和生活方式相关的更好决策。移动传感技术以及响应个人档案的健康系统与云计算相结合，可以拓展面向消费者和基于社区的新型可互操作服务的创新。这可能推动医疗保健提供和接受方式的范式转变，同时减轻疲惫不堪的医疗和社会护理系统的负担。
我们的目标是识别并讨论在提供包括以公民为中心的健康管理服务在内的先进、普及的电子健康和移动健康服务时需要成功解决的主要科学和工程挑战，并在更广泛的社会技术驱动因素、主体和利益相关者背景下重新定位其作用和潜力。
我们回顾了关键领域中与电子健康和移动健康服务开发及实施相关的最新技术。我们识别并讨论为推动研究、开发和市场发展需要克服的科学、工程和实施相关挑战。
在个性化健康监测系统领域已取得了一些重要进展，例如智能手机平台和智能普及服务。嵌入智能手机和衣物中的传感器使得对身体活动、行为和生活方式进行不引人注意的识别成为可能，从而推动了健康辅助和公民赋权平台的部署。同样，在支持服务的基础设施领域也有显著进展。然而，仍有许多技术问题有待解决，同时还有与安全、隐私、信任和组织动态相关的同样具有挑战性的问题。
提供创新的普及型电子健康和移动健康服务，包括以公民为中心的健康和生活方式管理服务，远远超出了技术解决方案的开发范畴。为了实现大规模信息通信技术支持下更健康生活方式的采用，在开发和部署受信任且用户可接受的可用赋能终端用户服务的过程中需要关键创新。此类创新需要多领域、多层次、跨学科的工作，以理论为基础，但由公民和医疗保健专业人员的需求、期望和能力驱动，并与将创新推向市场的商业能力相匹配。
