Kalpana V N, Devi Rajeswari V
Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT, Vellore, Tamil Nadu, India.
Bioinorg Chem Appl. 2018 Aug 1;2018:3569758. doi: 10.1155/2018/3569758. eCollection 2018.
The advance of reliable and eco-friendly strategies for the development of nanoparticles is a fundamental key to the discipline of nanotechnology. Nanoparticles have been continuously evaluated and have been used in many industrial applications for a decade. In particular, the role of zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) has received a great interest because of various properties such as UV filter properties and photochemical, antifungal, high catalyst, and antimicrobial activities. Because of the high rate of poisonous chemicals and the extreme surroundings used within the chemical and physical methods, the green techniques have been adopted using plants, fungi, bacteria, and algae for the synthesis of nanoparticles. Therefore, this paper considers various green synthesis methods to provide the evidence of ZnO NP role to several applications, and in addition, biomedical applications and toxic effect were reviewed. Therefore, the paper used various secondary sources to collect the relevant review articles. From the findings, the green route of synthesis is rather safe and eco-friendly when compared to physical and chemical means of synthesis. On the other hand, its biomedical applications in this sector are increased day by day in various processes including bioimaging, drug delivery, biosensors, and gene delivery. With respect to its toxicity properties, ZnO NPs can act as smart weapons against multiple drug-resistant microorganisms and as a talented substitute for antibiotics.
开发可靠且环保的纳米颗粒制备策略是纳米技术学科的关键基础。纳米颗粒已持续接受评估，并在许多工业应用中使用了十年。特别是，氧化锌纳米颗粒（ZnO NPs）因其具有紫外线过滤特性、光化学、抗真菌、高催化和抗菌活性等多种特性而备受关注。由于化学和物理方法中使用的有毒化学品比例高且环境极端，因此已采用利用植物、真菌、细菌和藻类合成纳米颗粒的绿色技术。因此，本文考虑了各种绿色合成方法，以证明ZnO NP在多种应用中的作用，此外，还综述了其生物医学应用和毒性作用。因此，本文使用了各种二手资料来收集相关的综述文章。从研究结果来看，与物理和化学合成方法相比，绿色合成路线相当安全且环保。另一方面，其在该领域的生物医学应用在包括生物成像、药物递送、生物传感器和基因递送在内的各种过程中日益增加。关于其毒性特性，ZnO NPs可作为对抗多重耐药微生物的智能武器，以及作为抗生素的优秀替代品。
