Faculty of Medicine, Department of Psychiatry, Dokuz Eylül University, Mithatpaşa cad. no 1606 inciraltı yerleşkesi, 35340 Balçova, Izmir, Turkey; Department of Psychiatry, Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, 3053 Carlton South, Victoria, Australia.
Department of Neurosciences, Health Sciences Institute, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
Eur Neuropsychopharmacol. 2018 Nov;28(11):1185-1193. doi: 10.1016/j.euroneuro.2018.08.006. Epub 2018 Aug 28.
Neurological soft signs (NSS) are subtle deficits in motor coordination, sensory integration, and sequencing of complex motor acts. Increased NSS is a well-established feature of patients with schizophrenia but a relatively smaller number of studies have investigated NSS in bipolar disorder (BD). Some authors but not others suggested that NSS can distinguish schizophrenia from BD. We conducted a meta-analysis of 18 studies to quantitatively review NSS in BD in comparison to schizophrenia and healthy controls. The current meta-analysis compared NSS scores of 725 BD patients and 634 healthy controls, and 391 BD and 471 schizophrenia patients. Patients with BD had significantly higher NSS scores (d = 1.14, CI = 0.89-1.44) than healthy controls and increased scores in BD was evident in all aspects of NSS (d = 0.88-0.99). BD was associated with a less severe increase in NSS compared to schizophrenia, however, between-group difference was modest (d = 0.42, CI = 0.18-0.65). The results of this meta-analysis demonstrated that BD is characterized by a robust increase in NSS which is only moderately less severe than schizophrenia. Increased NSS is a common feature of both disorders.
神经软体征（NSS）是运动协调、感觉整合和复杂运动行为顺序方面的细微缺陷。NSS 增加是精神分裂症患者的一个既定特征，但对双相情感障碍（BD）中 NSS 的研究相对较少。一些作者但不是其他作者认为 NSS 可以区分精神分裂症和 BD。我们对 18 项研究进行了荟萃分析，定量综述了 BD 中的 NSS 与精神分裂症和健康对照组的比较。当前的荟萃分析比较了 725 名 BD 患者和 634 名健康对照者，以及 391 名 BD 和 471 名精神分裂症患者的 NSS 评分。BD 患者的 NSS 评分明显高于健康对照组（d=1.14，CI=0.89-1.44），BD 患者在 NSS 的所有方面都出现了评分增加（d=0.88-0.99）。与精神分裂症相比，BD 患者的 NSS 增加程度较轻，但组间差异较小（d=0.42，CI=0.18-0.65）。荟萃分析的结果表明，BD 的特点是 NSS 明显增加，但比精神分裂症略轻。NSS 增加是这两种疾病的共同特征。
