Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Physiology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, 1005 Dr. D.B. Todd Jr. Blvd., Hubbard Hospital, 5th Floor, Rm. 5025, Nashville, TN, 37208, USA.
J Mol Med (Berl). 2018 Nov;96(11):1145-1151. doi: 10.1007/s00109-018-1692-z. Epub 2018 Aug 31.
High-level and persistent viruria observed in patients infected by Zika virus (ZIKV) has been well documented. However, renal pathology in acutely infected, immunocompetent patients remains subclinical. Moreover, the long-term impact of ZIKV infection, replication, and persistence in the renal compartment of adults and infants as well as immunosuppressed patients and solid organ transplant (SOT) recipients is unknown. Mechanisms involving host and viral factors that limit or control ZIKV pathogenesis in the renal compartment are important yet unexplored. The observation that long-term viral shedding occurs in the renal compartment in the absence of clinical disease requires further investigation. In this review, I explore Zika virus-induced renal pathology in animal models, the dynamics of virus shedding in urine, virus replication in glomerular cells, ZIKV infection in human renal transplantation, and the potential impact of long-term persistent ZIKV infection in the renal compartment.
高水平且持续的病毒尿症在感染 Zika 病毒（ZIKV）的患者中已有充分的记录。然而，在急性感染的免疫功能正常的患者中，肾脏病理仍处于亚临床状态。此外，ZIKV 在成人和婴儿、免疫抑制患者以及实体器官移植（SOT）受者的肾脏中的长期感染、复制和持续存在的长期影响尚不清楚。涉及宿主和病毒因素的机制，这些因素限制或控制 ZIKV 在肾脏中的发病机制，是重要但尚未探索的。观察到在没有临床疾病的情况下，肾脏中存在长期病毒排出，这需要进一步研究。在这篇综述中，我探讨了动物模型中的 Zika 病毒诱导的肾脏病理学、尿液中病毒排出的动力学、肾小球细胞中的病毒复制、人类肾移植中的 ZIKV 感染，以及肾脏中长期持续的 ZIKV 感染的潜在影响。
