Mc Gee Shauna L, Höltge Jan, Maercker Andreas, Thoma Myriam V
Psychopathology and Clinical Intervention, Institute of Psychology, University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
University Research Priority Program 'Dynamics of Healthy Aging', University of Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland.
Front Psychiatry. 2018 Aug 21;9:378. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2018.00378. eCollection 2018.
Trauma, stress, and adversity are well-known for having lasting negative effects on health. Yet, not all individuals go on to develop psychopathology or impaired health. However, little is known about the underlying mechanisms which influence the development of stress-related resilience. Sense of coherence-revised (SOC-R) may play a role in this process, as it is formed through overcoming stress or adversity. It may also influence the steeling effect, which suggests that previous exposure to moderate adversity increases resilience to later adversities. This study aimed to examine the mediating and moderating roles of SOC-R in the relationship between stress or adversity, and psychological health and well-being. It further aimed to investigate the role of SOC-R in steeling processes. The study used a longitudinal design, with data collection at baseline and one-year follow-up. Participants included ( = 238) Swiss older adults ( = 68.3 years). Standardized questionnaires assessed early-life adversity, recent chronic stress, SOC-R, and current health and well-being. Mediation and moderation analyses examined the mechanisms underpinning stress-related resilience and curvilinear associations assessed steeling. Results showed that the Manageability subscale of SOC-R significantly moderated the relationship between chronic stress and general mental health ( = 0.04, 95% CI [0.007, 0.082], = 2.32, < 0.05). Furthermore, SOC-R significantly mediated the relationship for general mental health (GMH) and satisfaction with life (SWL) with childhood emotional neglect (GMH: = -0.056, 95% BCa CI [-0.126, -0.002]; SWL: = -0.043, 95% BCa CI [-0.088, -0.004]), childhood physical neglect (GMH: = -0.100, 95% BCa CI [-0.232, -0.002]; SWL: = -0.081, 95% BCa CI [-0.181, -0.002]), and chronic stress (GMH: = -0.052, 95% BCa CI [-0.100, -0.001]; SWL: = -0.055, 95% BCa CI [-0.097, -0.020]). No curvilinear associations were observed between stress or adversity and SOC-R. This study expands on the limited research on stress-related resilience by examining the role of SOC-R in the interactions between adversity, stress, and health. Future research should examine SOC-R in samples with a greater range and different types of adversity. Overall, findings suggest that SOC-R is an important mechanism underpinning the development of stress-related resilience.
创伤、压力和逆境因其对健康产生持久的负面影响而广为人知。然而，并非所有个体都会发展为精神病理学问题或健康受损。然而，对于影响与压力相关的恢复力发展的潜在机制，我们知之甚少。修订后的连贯感量表（SOC-R）可能在这一过程中发挥作用，因为它是通过克服压力或逆境而形成的。它还可能影响强化效应，即先前暴露于适度逆境会增加对后续逆境的恢复力。本研究旨在探讨SOC-R在压力或逆境与心理健康和幸福感之间关系中的中介和调节作用。它还旨在研究SOC-R在强化过程中的作用。该研究采用纵向设计，在基线和一年随访时收集数据。参与者包括238名瑞士老年人（平均年龄68.3岁）。标准化问卷评估了早年逆境、近期慢性压力、SOC-R以及当前的健康和幸福感。中介和调节分析检验了与压力相关的恢复力的潜在机制，曲线关联分析评估了强化效应。结果表明，SOC-R的可管理性子量表显著调节了慢性压力与总体心理健康之间的关系（β = 0.04，95%可信区间[0.007, 0.082]，t = 2.32，p < 0.05）。此外，SOC-R显著中介了童年情感忽视与总体心理健康（GMH）和生活满意度（SWL）之间的关系（GMH：β = -0.056，95%偏差校正自助法可信区间[-0.126, -0.002]；SWL：β = -0.043，95%偏差校正自助法可信区间[-0.088, -0.004]），童年身体忽视与总体心理健康（GMH：β = -0.100，95%偏差校正自助法可信区间[-0.232, -0.002]；SWL：β = -
