Jaggers Jason R, Hand Gregory A
Department of Applied Health Sciences, Murray State University, Murray, Kentucky (JRJ).
Department of Exercise Science, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina (GAH).
Am J Lifestyle Med. 2014 Jun 16;10(3):184-192. doi: 10.1177/1559827614538750. eCollection 2016 May-Jun.
With life expectancy increasing and the symptomatology of HIV being altered since the advent of antiretroviral therapy (ART), we now have begun to see metabolic changes with negative implications among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). Some of these changes include increased blood lipids, central fat accumulation, lipodystrophy, and decreased aerobic capacity. All of which are known risk factors for cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all-cause mortality. A common practice among healthy and other clinical populations to help modify these risk factors is some form of aerobic exercise, resistance exercise, or a combination of both. It has been demonstrated that PLWHA could respond in a similar manner, which in turn may enhance life expectancy and/or quality of life. The purpose of this literature review was to examine the evidence of health benefits of routine exercise training among PLWHA since the advent of ART. Although limited in strength because of small sample sizes and limited intervention durations, there is overall consistency in the general findings. An overview of the findings would indicate that physical activity and exercise are both safe and effective in improving cardiorespiratory fitness, metabolic profile, and quality of life among PLWHA.
随着预期寿命的增加以及自抗逆转录病毒疗法（ART）出现以来HIV症状的改变，我们现在开始看到HIV/AIDS感染者（PLWHA）出现了具有负面影响的代谢变化。其中一些变化包括血脂升高、中心性脂肪堆积、脂肪代谢障碍和有氧能力下降。所有这些都是心血管疾病、癌症和全因死亡率的已知危险因素。在健康人群和其他临床人群中，帮助改变这些危险因素的一种常见做法是某种形式的有氧运动、抗阻运动或两者结合。事实证明，PLWHA可能会有类似的反应，这反过来可能会提高预期寿命和/或生活质量。这篇文献综述的目的是研究自ART出现以来，常规运动训练对PLWHA健康益处的证据。尽管由于样本量小和干预持续时间有限，证据力度有限，但总体研究结果具有一致性。研究结果概述表明，身体活动和运动对于改善PLWHA的心肺适能、代谢状况和生活质量都是安全有效的。
