Department of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, 501 West First Street, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.
Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, University of Texas at Arlington, 500 West First Street, Arlington, TX, 76019, USA.
Nat Commun. 2018 Sep 12;9(1):3705. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-05569-8.
Living organisms use spatially controlled expansion and contraction of soft tissues to achieve complex three-dimensional (3D) morphologies and movements and thereby functions. However, replicating such features in man-made materials remains a challenge. Here we report an approach that encodes 2D hydrogels with spatially and temporally controlled growth (expansion and contraction) to create 3D structures with programmed morphologies and motions. This approach uses temperature-responsive hydrogels with locally programmable degrees and rates of swelling and shrinking. This method simultaneously prints multiple 3D structures with custom design from a single precursor in a one-step process within 60 s. We suggest simple yet versatile design rules for creating complex 3D structures and a theoretical model for predicting their motions. We reveal that the spatially nonuniform rates of swelling and shrinking of growth-induced 3D structures determine their dynamic shape changes. We demonstrate shape-morphing 3D structures with diverse morphologies, including bioinspired structures with programmed sequential motions.
生物体利用软组织的空间控制扩张和收缩来实现复杂的三维（3D）形态和运动，从而实现功能。然而，在人造材料中复制这些特征仍然是一个挑战。在这里，我们报告了一种方法，该方法对二维水凝胶进行编码，以实现空间和时间控制的生长（扩张和收缩），从而创建具有编程形态和运动的 3D 结构。该方法使用温度响应性水凝胶，其具有局部可程控的溶胀和收缩程度和速率。这种方法可以在 60 秒内从单个前体一步同时打印出多个具有自定义设计的 3D 结构。我们提出了用于创建复杂 3D 结构的简单而通用的设计规则，以及用于预测其运动的理论模型。我们揭示了生长诱导的 3D 结构的空间非均匀溶胀和收缩速率决定了它们的动态形状变化。我们展示了具有多种形态的形状变形 3D 结构，包括具有编程顺序运动的仿生结构。
Zotero 插件
