College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, Jiangsu Province, China.
College of Animal Production, Bahri University, Khartoum, Sudan.
Biomed Res Int. 2018 Aug 26;2018:5327450. doi: 10.1155/2018/5327450. eCollection 2018.
() strains, from the gut of animals and humans, harbor wide range of drug resistance genes. A comparative study is conducted on the intestinal from fecal samples of healthy chicken from China and Sudan in order to monitor the antimicrobial sensitivity pattern. A number of 250 isolates from chicken farms, including 120 from China and 130 from Sudan, were isolated and identified. All isolates were subjected to susceptibility tests against 10 antibiotics and the distribution of antibiotic resistant genes was confirmed by PCR amplification, involving genes such as Many isolates were found to exhibit resistance against more than one antibiotic. However, the Chinese isolates showed more antibiotics resistance and resistance genes compared to the Sudanese isolates. For better understanding of the multidrug resistance factors, we conducted whole genome analyses of D107 isolated from China, which revealed that the genome possesses multiple resistance genes including tetracycline, erythromycin, and kanamycin. Furthermore, D4 isolate from Sudan was more sensitive to antibiotics such as erythromycin, tetracycline, and gentamicin. After analysis by RAST and MAUVE, the two strains showed 89% average nucleotide identity. However, the genomes mostly differed at the number of antibiotics-related genes, as the genome of D107 revealed a considerable number of antibiotics resistance genes such as and which were found to be absent in D4 genome. These outcomes provided confirmation that the poultry farms environment in different countries (China and Sudan) may serve as a potential reservoir of antimicrobial resistance genes and also indicated the evolutionary differences of strains in terms of resistant genes expression.
从动物和人类肠道中分离出的()菌株携带广泛的耐药基因。为了监测抗菌药物敏感性模式，对来自中国和苏丹的健康鸡粪便样本中的肠道进行了比较研究。从包括 120 株来自中国和 130 株来自苏丹的鸡场中分离和鉴定了 250 株 250 株分离株。所有分离株均进行了对 10 种抗生素的药敏试验，通过 PCR 扩增证实了抗生素耐药基因的分布，涉及 等基因。许多分离株对一种以上抗生素表现出耐药性。然而，与苏丹分离株相比，中国分离株表现出更多的抗生素耐药性和耐药基因。为了更好地了解多药耐药因素，我们对来自中国的 D107 进行了全基因组分析，结果表明该基因组具有多种耐药基因，包括四环素、红霉素和卡那霉素。此外，来自苏丹的 D4 分离株对红霉素、四环素和庆大霉素等抗生素更为敏感。经 RAST 和 MAUVE 分析，两株菌的平均核苷酸同一性为 89%。然而，基因组在抗生素相关基因的数量上差异最大，因为 D107 基因组显示出相当数量的抗生素耐药基因，如 和 ，而 D4 基因组中则没有这些基因。这些结果证实了不同国家（中国和苏丹）的家禽养殖场环境可能是抗生素耐药基因的潜在储库，并表明了菌株在耐药基因表达方面的进化差异。
