Biology of Vector-Borne Viruses Section, Laboratory of Virology, Rocky Mountain Laboratories, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Hamilton, MT, United States.
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2018 Aug 28;8:298. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2018.00298. eCollection 2018.
Small-to-medium sized mammals and large animals are lucrative sources of blood meals for ixodid ticks that transmit life-threatening tick-borne flaviviruses (TBFVs). TBFVs have been isolated from various organs obtained from wild-caught and species in Europe and Asia. Thus, these rodents are well-established reservoirs of TBFVs. Wild-caught species have demonstrated seropositivity against Powassan virus, the only TBFV known to circulate in North America, suggesting that they may play an important role in the biology of the virus in this geographic region. However, virus isolation from species is yet to be demonstrated. Wild-caught medium-sized mammals, such as woodchucks () and skunks () have also demonstrated seropositivity against POWV, and virus was isolated from apparently healthy animals. Despite the well-established knowledge that small-to-medium sized animals are TBFV reservoirs, specific molecular biology addressing host-pathogen interactions remains poorly understood. Elucidating these interactions will be critical for gaining insight into the mechanism(s) of viral pathogenesis and/or resistance.
小型到中型哺乳动物和大型动物是传播危及生命的 tick-borne flaviviruses（TBFVs）的 ixodid 蜱的血液来源。已经从欧洲和亚洲的野生捕获和物种的各种器官中分离出 TBFVs。因此，这些啮齿动物是 TBFVs 的良好储存库。野生捕获的物种对 Powassan 病毒呈血清阳性反应，这是已知在北美的唯一 TBFV，表明它们可能在该地理区域的病毒生物学中发挥重要作用。然而，尚未从物种中分离出病毒。野生捕获的中型哺乳动物，如土拨鼠（）和臭鼬（），也对 POWV 呈血清阳性反应，并且从看似健康的动物中分离出了病毒。尽管已经充分了解到小型到中型动物是 TBFV 的储存库，但关于宿主-病原体相互作用的具体分子生物学仍然知之甚少。阐明这些相互作用对于深入了解病毒发病机制和/或抗性的机制至关重要。
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