CIBER Epidemiología y Salud Pública, Madrid, Spain.
Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Cantabria - IDIVAL, Avda Herrera Oria s/n, 39011, Santander, Spain.
BMC Public Health. 2018 Sep 21;18(1):1134. doi: 10.1186/s12889-018-6019-z.
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used despite their risk of gastrointestinal bleeding or cardiovascular events. We report the profile of people taking NSAIDs in Spain, and we include demographic factors, health-related behaviours and cardiovascular disease history.
Four thousand sixtyparticipants were selected using a pseudorandom number list from Family Practice lists in 12 Spanish provinces. They completed a face-to-face computerized interview on their NSAID consumption, demographic characteristics, body mass index, alcohol and tobacco consumption and medical history. In addition, participants completed a self-administered food-frequency and alcohol consumption questionnaire. Factors associated with ever and current NSAID consumption were identified by logistic regression.
Women consumed more non-aspirin NSAIDs (38.8% [36.7-41.0]) than men (22.3 [20.5-24.2]), but men consumed more aspirin (11.7% [10.3-13.2]) than women (5.2% [4.3-6.3]). Consumption of non-aspirin NSAIDs decrease with age from 44.2% (39.4-49.1) in younger than 45 to 21.1% (18.3-24.2) in older than 75, but the age-pattern for aspirin usage was the opposite. Aspirin was reported by about 11% patients, as being twice as used in men (11.7%) than in women (5.2%); its consumption increased with age from 1.7% (< 45 years old) to 12.4% (≥75 years old). Aspirin was strongly associated with the presence of cardiovascular risk factors or established cardiovascular disease, reaching odds ratios of 15.2 (7.4-31.2) in women with acute coronary syndrome, 13.3 (6.2-28.3) in women with strokes and 11.1 (7.8-15.9) in men with acute coronary syndrome. Participants with cardiovascular risk factors or diseases consumed as much non-aspirin NSAID as participants without such conditions.
Non-aspirin NSAIDs were more consumed by women and aspirin by men. The age patterns of aspirin and non-aspirin NSAIDs were opposite: the higher the age, the lower the non-aspirin NSAIDs usage and the higher the aspirin consumption. People with cardiovascular risk factors or diseases consumed more aspirin, but they did not decrease their non-aspirin NSAIDs usage.
尽管非甾体抗炎药（NSAIDs）存在胃肠道出血或心血管事件的风险，但仍广泛应用。我们报告了西班牙使用 NSAIDs 的人群特征，包括人口统计学因素、与健康相关的行为和心血管疾病史。
从 12 个西班牙省份的家庭医疗名单中使用随机数列表选择了 4600 名参与者。他们通过计算机完成了关于 NSAID 消费、人口统计学特征、体重指数、酒精和烟草消费以及病史的面对面访谈。此外，参与者还完成了自我管理的食物频率和酒精消费问卷。通过逻辑回归确定了与曾经和当前 NSAID 消费相关的因素。
女性（38.8%[36.7-41.0]）比男性（22.3%[20.5-24.2]）更常服用非阿司匹林 NSAIDs，但男性（11.7%[10.3-13.2]）比女性（5.2%[4.3-6.3]）更常服用阿司匹林。非阿司匹林 NSAIDs 的消费随着年龄的增长而下降，从 45 岁以下的 44.2%（39.4-49.1）降至 75 岁以上的 21.1%（18.3-24.2），但阿司匹林的使用模式则相反。约有 11%的患者报告服用阿司匹林，男性（11.7%）是女性（5.2%）的两倍；其消费随着年龄的增长而增加，从 1.7%（<45 岁）增加到 12.4%（≥75 岁）。阿司匹林与心血管危险因素或已确立的心血管疾病密切相关，在急性冠状动脉综合征女性中，比值比为 15.2（7.4-31.2），中风女性为 13.3（6.2-28.3），急性冠状动脉综合征男性为 11.1（7.8-15.9）。有心血管危险因素或疾病的参与者服用的非阿司匹林 NSAID 与无此类情况的参与者一样多。
女性更常服用非阿司匹林 NSAIDs，男性更常服用阿司匹林。阿司匹林和非阿司匹林 NSAIDs 的年龄模式相反：年龄越高，非阿司匹林 NSAIDs 的使用率越低，而阿司匹林的使用率越高。有心血管危险因素或疾病的人服用更多的阿司匹林，但他们并没有减少非阿司匹林 NSAIDs 的使用。
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