Department of Psychological & Brain Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri.
J Pers. 2019 Aug;87(4):750-766. doi: 10.1111/jopy.12430. Epub 2018 Sep 23.
We investigated how the Big Five traits predict individual differences in five theoretically important emotion regulation goals that are commonly pursued-pro-hedonic, contra-hedonic, performance, pro-social, and impression management.
We conducted two studies: (a) a large survey study consisting of undergraduates (N = 394; 18-25 years; 69% female; 56% European American) and community adults (N = 302; 19-74 years; 50% female; 75% European American) who completed a newly developed global measure of individual differences in emotion regulation goals and (b) a 9-day daily diary study with community adults (N = 272; 23-85 years; 50% female; 84% European American) who completed daily reports of emotion regulation goals. In both studies, participants completed a measure of the Big Five.
Across global and daily measures, pro-hedonic goals and pro-social goals were positively associated with Agreeableness, performance goals were positively associated with Openness, and impression management goals were positively associated with Neuroticism. Globally, contra-hedonic goals were also negatively associated with Agreeableness and Conscientiousness.
The Big Five systematically predict the emotion regulation goals people typically pursue. These findings have important implications for understanding why people engage in certain forms of regulatory behavior and why personality has consequences for well-being.
我们调查了五大特质如何预测五个理论上重要的情绪调节目标的个体差异，这五个目标是普遍追求的——享乐、反享乐、表现、亲社会和印象管理。
我们进行了两项研究：（a）一项大型调查研究，包括本科生（N=394；18-25 岁；69%女性；56%欧洲裔美国人）和社区成年人（N=302；19-74 岁；50%女性；75%欧洲裔美国人），他们完成了一项新开发的情绪调节目标个体差异的全球衡量标准；（b）一项为期 9 天的社区成年人日常日记研究（N=272；23-85 岁；50%女性；84%欧洲裔美国人），他们每天报告情绪调节目标。在这两项研究中，参与者都完成了五大特质的测量。
在全球和日常衡量标准中，享乐目标和亲社会目标与宜人性呈正相关，表现目标与开放性呈正相关，印象管理目标与神经质呈正相关。全球范围内，反享乐目标与宜人性和尽责性呈负相关。
五大特质系统地预测了人们通常追求的情绪调节目标。这些发现对理解为什么人们会采取某些形式的调节行为以及为什么个性对幸福感有影响具有重要意义。
