Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.
Institute for Health and Society, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.
Eur J Nutr. 2019 Oct;58(7):2835-2850. doi: 10.1007/s00394-018-1833-8. Epub 2018 Sep 27.
Although considerable attention has been paid to the potential benefits of soy protein and isoflavones for preventing metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components, findings linking habitual consumption of these factors to MetS are limited. This study aimed to evaluate the association of MetS incidence with habitual intake of soy protein/isoflavones among Korean men and women aged ≥ 40 years old who did not have MetS at baseline (n = 5509; 2204 men and 3305 women).
Dietary intake of soy protein/isoflavones at baseline and average consumption during follow-up were used.
A significant inverse association between dietary intake and incidence of MetS was found in women (incidence rate ratios, IRR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.46-0.78, P for trend = 0.0094 for the highest quintile of average soy protein intake compared with the lowest quintile; IRR = 0.57, 95% CI = 0.44-0.74, P for trend = 0.0048 for the highest quintile of average isoflavones intake compared with the lowest quintile). A tendency towards an inverse association was also found in men, although it was not significant for the highest quintile (IRR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.58-1.11, P for trend = 0.9759, comparing the lowest to the highest quintile of average soy protein intake; IRR = 0.73, 95% CI = 0.53-1.01, P for trend = 0.8956, comparing the lowest to the highest quintile of average isoflavones intake). In terms of individual abnormalities, a significant inverse association was found between soy protein and isoflavones and the incidence of low-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol in both men and women. Abdominal obesity and elevated blood pressure were inversely related to soy protein/isoflavones only in women, and an inverse association of elevated triglyceride appeared only in men.
Our findings suggest that habitual intake of soy protein and isoflavones is inversely associated with the risk of MetS and its components. There is likely to be a reverse J-shaped association of average intake with MetS.
尽管人们已经关注了大豆蛋白和异黄酮在预防代谢综合征（MetS）及其组成部分方面的潜在益处，但将这些因素的习惯性摄入与 MetS 联系起来的发现是有限的。本研究旨在评估在基线时没有 MetS 的≥40 岁韩国男性和女性中，MetS 发生率与大豆蛋白/异黄酮的习惯性摄入之间的关系（n=5509；2204 名男性和 3305 名女性）。
在基线时使用大豆蛋白/异黄酮的饮食摄入量和随访期间的平均消耗量。
在女性中，饮食摄入与 MetS 发生率呈显著负相关（发生率比，IRR=0.60，95%CI=0.46-0.78，P 趋势=0.0094，与最低五分位数相比，最高五分位数的平均大豆蛋白摄入量；IRR=0.57，95%CI=0.44-0.74，P 趋势=0.0048，与最低五分位数相比，最高五分位数的平均异黄酮摄入量）。在男性中也发现了一种趋于负相关的趋势，尽管对于最高五分位数来说并不显著（IRR=0.80，95%CI=0.58-1.11，P 趋势=0.9759，比较最低五分位数和最高五分位数的平均大豆蛋白摄入量；IRR=0.73，95%CI=0.53-1.01，P 趋势=0.8956，比较最低五分位数和最高五分位数的平均异黄酮摄入量）。就个别异常而言，在男性和女性中，大豆蛋白和异黄酮与高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇的发生率呈显著负相关。腹部肥胖和血压升高仅与女性的大豆蛋白/异黄酮呈负相关，而男性的甘油三酯升高呈负相关。
我们的研究结果表明，习惯性摄入大豆蛋白和异黄酮与 MetS 及其组成部分的风险呈负相关。平均摄入量与 MetS 之间可能存在反向 J 形关联。
