Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.
Department of Preventive Medicine, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul, South Korea.
Eur J Nutr. 2021 Feb;60(1):135-146. doi: 10.1007/s00394-020-02225-0. Epub 2020 Mar 24.
Despite a beneficial role of iodine and seaweed consumption against metabolic syndrome (MetS), which is high in postmenopausal women, few studies investigated such associations in a prospective study. This study aimed to investigate the association of dietary iodine and seaweed consumption with the incidence of MetS and its components in postmenopausal women.
A total of 2588 postmenopausal women aged ≥ 40 years were recruited between 2005 and 2011 in the Multi-Rural Communities Cohort (MRCohort). A validated semiquantitative food frequency questionnaire was used to collect dietary intake data. MetS was defined as three of five components [abdominal obesity, elevated blood pressure, glucose, triglyceride, and low-high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)] and the incidence of MetS was checked every 2-4 years. The incidence rate ratio (IRR) was estimated using a modified Poisson regression model with a robust error estimator.
During the mean follow-up period (3.4 ± 2.1 years), MetS occurred in 481 participants. The median cumulative average iodine intake was 108.9 µg/day (interquartile range, 60.8-190.2 µg/day). In multivariable analyses, average iodine and seaweed consumption were inversely associated with MetS (IRR = 0.61, 95% CI 0.47-0.78 in the highest quartile of iodine intake, P for trend = 0.0018; IRR = 0.52, 95% CI 0.39-0.69 in the highest quartile of seaweed consumption, P for trend = 0.0004). Among MetS components, blood glucose (> 100 mg/dL), blood pressure (≥ 130/85 mmHg), and lipid profiles (triglyceride, ≥ 150 mg/dL and HDL-C, < 50 mg/dL) were significantly inversely associated with dietary iodine and seaweed consumption, but there was no clear association for waist circumference (≥ 85 cm).
Dietary iodine and seaweed consumption may be inversely associated with MetS incidence and its individual abnormalities in postmenopausal women.
尽管碘和海藻的摄入对代谢综合征（MetS）有有益作用，而绝经后女性的 MetS 发病率较高，但很少有前瞻性研究对此类关联进行研究。本研究旨在调查绝经后女性膳食碘和海藻摄入量与 MetS 及其各组分发病率之间的关系。
2005 年至 2011 年期间，共招募了 2588 名年龄≥40 岁的绝经后妇女参加多农村社区队列（MRCohort）研究。采用经过验证的半定量食物频率问卷收集膳食摄入数据。MetS 定义为五个成分中的三个（腹部肥胖、血压升高、血糖、甘油三酯和高低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（HDL-C）），每 2-4 年检查一次 MetS 的发病率。使用具有稳健误差估计器的改良泊松回归模型估计发病率比（IRR）。
在平均随访期间（3.4±2.1 年），481 名参与者发生了 MetS。中位数累积平均碘摄入量为 108.9µg/天（四分位距，60.8-190.2µg/天）。在多变量分析中，平均碘和海藻摄入量与 MetS 呈负相关（碘摄入量最高四分位数组的 IRR=0.61，95%CI0.47-0.78，趋势 P 值=0.0018；海藻摄入量最高四分位数组的 IRR=0.52，95%CI0.39-0.69，趋势 P 值=0.0004）。在 MetS 各组分中，血糖（>100mg/dL）、血压（≥130/85mmHg）和血脂谱（甘油三酯，≥150mg/dL 和 HDL-C，<50mg/dL）与膳食碘和海藻摄入量呈显著负相关，但腰围（≥85cm）与膳食碘和海藻摄入量无明显关联。
膳食碘和海藻摄入量与绝经后女性 MetS 发病率及其各异常指标呈负相关。
