Cohen Chari, Evans Alison A, Huang Peixin, London W Thomas, Block Joan M, Chen Gang
1Hepatitis B Foundation, Doylestown, PA USA.
2Drexel University School of Public Health, Philadelphia, PA USA.
Hepatol Med Policy. 2016 Apr 14;1:4. doi: 10.1186/s41124-016-0004-x. eCollection 2016.
This article describes hepatitis B-related knowledge, attitudes and practices after completion of the Gateway to Care campaign, a citywide public health education program that targeted city residents, health care providers and individuals chronically infected with hepatitis B virus in Haimen City, China.
Pre/post questionnaires assessed hepatitis B knowledge change among health care providers and post-campaign surveys evaluated hepatitis B knowledge, attitudes and behaviors (including stigma-related beliefs and practices) among health care providers, city residents and chronically infected individuals. Focus groups were conducted to gain a more in-depth understanding of the needs of the target communities, and to identify future intervention strategies to improve hepatitis B testing and linkage to care and treatment.
Results indicate high levels of hepatitis B knowledge among multiple stakeholders in Haimen City, with significant knowledge improvement among health care providers. Stigma-related beliefs and myths regarding separation of infected individuals from certain aspects of family life were common among all stakeholder groups, despite high levels of accurate knowledge about hepatitis B transmission and prevention. Self-report of hepatitis B screening was low among city residents, as was awareness of hepatitis B treatment.
More efforts are needed to improve awareness of HBV treatment, decrease HBV-related stigma, improve screening rates, and reduce cost of antiviral treatment. Future interventions in Haimen City should be driven by behavioral change theory, to not only improve knowledge, but to improve screening behaviors and address hepatitis B-related stigma and discrimination.
本文描述了“关爱之门”活动结束后，在中国海门市开展的一项针对城市居民、医疗服务提供者以及慢性感染乙肝病毒个体的全市范围公共卫生教育项目所涉及的乙肝相关知识、态度和行为。
前后调查问卷评估了医疗服务提供者中乙肝知识的变化，活动后的调查评估了医疗服务提供者、城市居民和慢性感染者的乙肝知识、态度和行为（包括与耻辱感相关的观念和行为）。开展焦点小组讨论以更深入地了解目标社区的需求，并确定未来改善乙肝检测以及与护理和治疗联系的干预策略。
结果表明海门市多个利益相关者对乙肝知识有较高的了解程度，医疗服务提供者的知识有显著提高。尽管对乙肝传播和预防有较高的准确认识，但在所有利益相关者群体中，关于将感染者与家庭生活某些方面隔离开来的与耻辱感相关的观念和误解很常见。城市居民中乙肝筛查的自我报告率较低，对乙肝治疗的知晓率也较低。
需要做出更多努力来提高对乙肝治疗的认识，减少与乙肝相关的耻辱感，提高筛查率，并降低抗病毒治疗的成本。海门市未来的干预措施应以行为改变理论为驱动力，不仅要提高知识水平，还要改善筛查行为，并解决与乙肝相关的耻辱感和歧视问题。
