Clifton Soazig, Mercer Catherine H, Sonnenberg Pam, Tanton Clare, Field Nigel, Gravningen Kirsten, Hughes Gwenda, Mapp Fiona, Johnson Anne M
Institute for Global Health, University College London, Mortimer Market Centre, London WC1E 6JB, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
Department of Microbiology and Infection Control, University Hospital of Northern Norway, Sykehusvegen 38, 9019 Tromsø, Norway.
EClinicalMedicine. 2018 Aug-Sep;2-3:29-36. doi: 10.1016/j.eclinm.2018.08.001.
We investigated how STI risk perception relates to behavioural STI risk and STI healthcare (sexual health clinic attendance/chlamydia testing) in the British population.
Natsal-3, a national probability-sample survey undertaken 2010-12, included 8397 sexually-active 16-44 year-olds. Participants rated their risk of STIs (excluding HIV) given their current sexual lifestyle. Urine from a randomly-selected sub-sample of participants (n = 4550) was tested for prevalent STIs (, , , ).
Most men (64% (95% CI: 62-66)) and women (73% (72-74)) rated themselves as not at all at risk of STIs, 30% (29-32) men and 23% (22-25) women self-rated as not very much, and 5% (5-6) men and 3% (3-4) women as greatly/quite a lot at risk. Although those reporting STI risk behaviours were more likely to perceive themselves as at risk, > 70% men and > 85% women classified as having had unsafe sex in the past year, and similar proportions of those with a prevalent STI, perceived themselves as not at all or not very much at risk. Increased risk perception was associated with greater STI healthcare-use (past year), although not after adjusting for sexual behaviour, indicating in a mediation analysis that risk perception was neither necessary or sufficient for seeking care Furthermore, 58% (48-67) men and 31% (22-41) women who had unsafe sex (past year) and rated themselves as greatly/quite a lot at risk had neither attended nor tested.
Many people at risk of STIs in Britain underestimated their risk, and many who correctly perceived themselves to be at risk had not recently accessed STI healthcare. Health promotion needs to address this mismatch and ensure that people access healthcare appropriate to their needs.
我们调查了在英国人群中，性传播感染（STI）风险认知与性行为STI风险及STI医疗保健（性健康诊所就诊/衣原体检测）之间的关系。
Natsal - 3是一项在2010 - 2012年进行的全国概率抽样调查，纳入了8397名16 - 44岁有性行为的人群。参与者根据其当前的性生活方式对自身感染STI（不包括HIV）的风险进行评分。对随机抽取的部分参与者样本（n = 4550）的尿液进行STI流行情况检测（检测项目列举）。
大多数男性（64%（95%置信区间：62 - 66））和女性（73%（72 - 74））认为自己完全没有感染STI的风险，30%（29 - 32）的男性和23%（22 - 25）的女性自评风险不高，5%（5 - 6）的男性和3%（3 - 4）的女性认为自己感染风险很高/相当高。尽管报告有STI风险行为的人更有可能认为自己有风险，但在过去一年中，超过七成的男性和超过八成五的女性被归类为有不安全性行为，且感染STI的人群中，有类似比例的人认为自己完全没有或风险不高。风险认知的增加与过去一年中更多地使用STI医疗保健相关，尽管在对性行为进行调整后并非如此，这在一项中介分析中表明，风险认知对于寻求医疗护理既非必要条件也非充分条件。此外，在过去一年中有不安全性行为且自评感染风险很高/相当高的男性中，58%（48 - 67）既未就诊也未检测，女性中这一比例为31%（22 - 41）。
在英国，许多有感染STI风险的人低估了自己的风险，而许多正确认识到自身风险的人最近并未寻求STI医疗保健。健康促进需要解决这种不匹配的情况，并确保人们能够获得符合其需求的医疗保健服务。
