Student Research Committee, Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91778-99191, Iran.
Pharmacological Research Center of Medicinal Plants, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad 91778-99191, Iran.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2018 Jul 31;54(4):55. doi: 10.3390/medicina54040055.
Sleeplessness is the most common sleep disorder. In this study, the hypnotic effect of macerated (HAME) and soxhlet (HASE) extract of (fruit and seed) and (fruit) were studied in mice. Extracts and fractions were administered intra-peritoneally (i.p.) in mice 30 min before the sodium pentobarbital (30 mg/kg, i.p.). Moreover, the influence of flumazenil or naloxone on the hypnotic effects of the extract and its toxic effects were evaluated. The HAME and HASE of prolonged the pentobarbital-induced sleep duration at dose of 200 mg/kg. The HAME of (fruit) at dose of 200 mg/kg increased the sleeping time. The HAME and HASE of (seed) increased sleep duration at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg. Besides, flumazenil (2 mg/kg) reversed the effects of both diazepam ( < 0.001 vs. diazepam group), 200 mg/kg of HAME of and 50 mg/kg of HAME and HASE of (seed). All fractions especially ethyl-acetate fraction (EAF) of (seed) increased the sleep duration. Naloxone reversed the hypnotic effect of HAME and HASE of (seed). The extracts showed no neurotoxic effects on PC12 and L929 cell lines. The results showed that (seed and fruit) and potentiated pentobarbital hypnosis without toxic influence. The hypnotic effects of seed was greater than its fruit and . The GABA and opioid receptors may play role in the sleep-induction of seed.
失眠是最常见的睡眠障碍。在这项研究中，研究了（果实和种子）和（果实）浸渍（HAME）和索氏（HASE）提取物对小鼠的催眠作用。提取物和馏分在戊巴比妥钠（30mg/kg，ip）前 30 分钟经腹腔内（ip）给予小鼠。此外，评估了氟马西尼或纳洛酮对提取物催眠作用及其毒性作用的影响。HAME 和 HASE 的（果实）在 200mg/kg 剂量下延长戊巴比妥钠诱导的睡眠时间。（果实）的 HAME 在 200mg/kg 剂量下增加睡眠时间。（种子）的 HAME 和 HASE 在 50 和 100mg/kg 剂量下增加睡眠时间。此外，氟马西尼（2mg/kg）逆转了两种地西泮的作用（<0.001 与地西泮组相比），200mg/kg 的 HAME 和 50mg/kg 的 HAME 和 HASE 的（种子）。所有馏分，特别是（种子）的乙酸乙酯馏分（EAF）增加睡眠时间。纳洛酮逆转了 HAME 和 HASE 的催眠作用（种子）。提取物对 PC12 和 L929 细胞系没有神经毒性作用。结果表明，（种子和果实）和（果实）增强了戊巴比妥催眠作用而没有毒性影响。种子的催眠作用大于其果实。GABA 和阿片受体可能在种子的睡眠诱导中起作用。
