Shi Ting, Han Pingping, You Chun, Zhang Yi-Heng P Job
Tianjin Institute of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 West 7th Avenue, Tianjin Airport Economic Area, Tianjin, 300308, China.
Synth Syst Biotechnol. 2018 May 30;3(3):186-195. doi: 10.1016/j.synbio.2018.05.002. eCollection 2018 Sep.
Although most (cell-free) synthetic biology projects are usually used for the purposes of fundamental research or the formation of high-value products, synthetic biology platform, which can implement complicated biochemical reactions by the assembly of numerous enzymes and coenzymes, has been proposed for low-cost biomanufacturing of bioenergy, food, biochemicals, and nutraceuticals. In addition to the most important advantage-high product yield, synthetic biology platform features several other biomanufacturing advantages, such as fast reaction rate, easy product separation, open process control, broad reaction condition, tolerance to toxic substrates or products, and so on. In this article, we present the basic bottom-up design principles of synthetic pathway from basic building blocks-BioBricks (thermoenzymes and/or immobilized enzymes) to building modules (e.g., enzyme complexes or multiple enzymes as a module) with specific functions. With development in thermostable building blocks-BioBricks and modules, the synthetic biology platform would open a new biomanufacturing age for the cost-competitive production of biocommodities.
尽管大多数（无细胞）合成生物学项目通常用于基础研究或高价值产品的生产，但已有人提出利用合成生物学平台通过组装多种酶和辅酶来实现复杂的生化反应，用于生物能源、食品、生物化学品和营养保健品的低成本生物制造。除了最重要的优势——高产品产量外，合成生物学平台还具有其他一些生物制造优势，如反应速率快、产品分离容易、过程控制开放、反应条件宽泛、对有毒底物或产物具有耐受性等。在本文中，我们阐述了从基本构建单元——生物砖（热酶和/或固定化酶）到具有特定功能的构建模块（如酶复合物或作为一个模块的多种酶）的合成途径的基本自下而上设计原则。随着热稳定构建单元——生物砖和模块的发展，合成生物学平台将开启生物商品成本竞争力生产的新生物制造时代。
