Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, Rua da Junqueira 100, 1349-008 Lisboa, Portugal.
Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública, Centro de Investigação em Saúde Pública, Universidade NOVA de Lisboa & Global Health and Tropical Medicine, GHTM, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, 1600-560 Lisboa, Portugal.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Oct 19;15(10):2299. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15102299.
This study aims to compare adequate fruit and vegetable (F&V) intake between immigrants and natives in Portugal, and to analyse factors associated with consumption of F&V among immigrants. Data from a population based cross-sectional study (2014) was used. The final sample comprised 17,410 participants (≥20 years old), of whom 7.4% were immigrants. Chi-squared tests and logistic regression models were conducted to investigate the association between adequate F&V intake, sociodemographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle characteristics. Adequate F&V intake was more prevalent among immigrants (21.1% (95% CI: 19.0⁻23.4)) than natives (18.5% (95% CI: 17.9⁻19.1)), ( = 0.000). Association between migrant status and adequate F&V intake was only evident for men: immigrants were less likely to achieve an adequate F&V intake (OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.66⁻0.68) when compared to Portuguese. Among immigrants, being female, older, with a higher education, and living in a low urbanisation area increased the odds of having F&V consumption closer to the recommendations. Adjusting for other factors, length of residence appears as a risk factor (15 or more years vs. 0⁻9 years: OR = 0.52, 95% CI = 0.50⁻0.53), ( = 0.000) for adequate F&V intake. Policies aiming to promote adequate F&V consumption should consider both populations groups, and gender-based strategies should address proper sociodemographic, anthropometric, and lifestyle determinants.
本研究旨在比较葡萄牙移民和本地居民的水果和蔬菜（F&V）摄入量，并分析影响移民 F&V 消费的因素。本研究使用了一项基于人群的横断面研究（2014 年）的数据。最终样本包括 17410 名参与者（年龄≥20 岁），其中 7.4%为移民。采用卡方检验和逻辑回归模型分析了 F&V 摄入充足与社会人口统计学、人体测量学和生活方式特征之间的关联。与本地居民（18.5%（95%CI：17.9%19.1%）相比，移民（21.1%（95%CI：19.0%23.4%））的 F&V 摄入充足率更高（ = 0.000）。移民身份与 F&V 摄入充足之间的关联仅在男性中存在：与葡萄牙人相比，移民摄入 F&V 充足的可能性较低（OR = 0.67，95%CI = 0.660.68）。在移民中，女性、年龄较大、受教育程度较高和居住在低城市化地区的人，其 F&V 消费更接近推荐量，其发生几率更高。在调整其他因素后，居住时间（15 年或以上与 09 年：OR = 0.52，95%CI = 0.50~0.53）显示为摄入 F&V 充足的危险因素（ = 0.000）。旨在促进 F&V 摄入充足的政策应同时考虑这两个群体，基于性别的策略应针对适当的社会人口统计学、人体测量学和生活方式决定因素。
