Department of Economics and Political Science, St. Catherine University, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA
Humphrey School of Public Affairs, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
Inj Prev. 2019 Dec;25(6):487-493. doi: 10.1136/injuryprev-2018-042872. Epub 2018 Oct 23.
To examine the change in the racial disparity in drowning in Florida from 1970 to 2015 and to analyse the contextual factors associated with white, black and Hispanic drowning rates in Florida from 2007 to 2015.
Our outcome variable is county-level annual drowning rates by race, ethnicity, sex and age group. We computed county-level contextual data, including emergency weather events, temperature, extreme weather, number of pools, quality of pools, coastline, swimming participation rates and prominent black competitive swim teams.
Between 1970 and 1990, the disparity in drowning rates between white and black males in Florida decreased dramatically. By 2005, the overall age-adjusted drowning rates converged. This convergence was most striking for those aged 10-34 and 35-64. While the gap has declined dramatically, there remains a racial disparity in drownings among those aged 10-34.
Overall, racial disparities in drowning have disappeared in Florida. However, some disparities remain. There is a persistent disparity in drownings among those aged 10-34.
研究 1970 年至 2015 年佛罗里达州溺水死亡率种族差异的变化，并分析 2007 年至 2015 年与佛罗里达州白种人、黑种人和西班牙裔溺水率相关的环境因素。
我们的因变量是按种族、族裔、性别和年龄组划分的县一级年度溺水死亡率。我们计算了县一级的环境数据，包括紧急天气事件、温度、极端天气、泳池数量、泳池质量、海岸线、游泳参与率和知名的黑人竞技游泳队。
1970 年至 1990 年间，佛罗里达州白人和黑种男性溺水死亡率的差异急剧缩小。到 2005 年，总体年龄调整后的溺水率趋同。这在 10-34 岁和 35-64 岁人群中最为显著。虽然差距已经大幅缩小，但 10-34 岁人群中溺水死亡仍存在种族差异。
总体而言，佛罗里达州溺水死亡率的种族差异已经消失。然而，仍存在一些差异。10-34 岁人群中溺水死亡的差异仍然存在。
