Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Nov 5;15(11):2468. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15112468.
Theoretical studies propose an association between family violence and low self-control in adolescence; however, empirical findings of this association are inconclusive. The aim of the present research was to systematically summarize available findings on the relation between family violence and self-control across adolescence. We included 28 studies with 143 effect sizes, representing more than 25,000 participants of eight countries from early to late adolescence. Applying a three-level meta-analysis, taking dependency between effect sizes into account while retaining statistical power, we examined the magnitude and direction of the overall effect size. Additionally, we investigated whether theoretical moderators (e.g., age, gender, country), and methodological moderators (e.g., time lag between family violence and self-control, informant) influenced the magnitude of the association between family violence and self-control. Our results revealed that family violence and self-control have a small to moderate significant negative association ( = -0.191). This association did not vary across gender, country, and informants. The strength of the association, however, decreased with age and in longitudinal studies. This finding provides evidence that researchers and clinicians may expect low self-control in the wake of family violence, especially in early adolescence. Recommendations for future research in the area are discussed.
理论研究提出，家庭暴力与青少年时期的自我控制能力低之间存在关联；然而，这种关联的实证研究结果并不明确。本研究旨在系统总结家庭暴力与青少年时期自我控制之间关系的现有研究结果。我们纳入了 28 项研究，包含了来自 8 个国家的 143 个效应量，代表了超过 25000 名青少年的数据。应用三水平元分析，在保留统计效力的同时考虑到效应量之间的依赖性，我们检验了总体效应量的大小和方向。此外，我们还调查了理论调节因素（例如年龄、性别、国家）和方法学调节因素（例如家庭暴力和自我控制之间的时间滞后、信息来源）是否会影响家庭暴力和自我控制之间关联的大小。我们的结果表明，家庭暴力和自我控制之间存在小到中等程度的显著负相关（ = -0.191）。这种关联在性别、国家和信息来源方面没有差异。然而，这种关联的强度随着年龄的增长和纵向研究而减弱。这一发现表明，研究人员和临床医生可能会在家庭暴力发生后预期自我控制能力降低，尤其是在青少年早期。讨论了该领域未来研究的建议。
