Lee P, Ye Z, Van Dyke K, Kirk R G
Department of Physiology, West Virginia University Medical Center, Morgantown 26506.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 1988 Aug;39(2):157-65. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.1988.39.157.
Cryosections of human red blood cells infected by Plasmodium falciparum were analyzed by energy dispersive x-ray microanalysis to determine the elemental composition of the parasites and their red cell hosts separately. The effects of two antimalarial drugs, qinghaosu and chloroquine, on potassium, sodium, and phosphorus concentrations were studied. Malarial infection causes a decrease in potassium concentration and an increase in sodium concentration in the host red cells. The drastic change in the cation composition, however, occurs only in red cells infected by late stage parasites (late trophozoite and schizont). Red cells infected by early stage parasites (ring stage) show only small changes in sodium concentration. Furthermore, the noninfected red cells in parasitized cultures show no difference in composition from those of normal red cells. Treatment of the parasitized cultures with qinghaosu (10(-6) M) or chloroquine (10(-6) M) for 8 hr causes phosphorus concentration of both early and late parasites to decrease. An 8 hr treatment with qinghaosu also produces a reduction in potassium and an increase in sodium concentrations in early and late parasites. In contrast, 8 hr treatment with chloroquine only causes a change in the sodium and potassium concentrations of the late stage parasites and does not affect the early stage parasites.
采用能量色散X射线微分析法对感染恶性疟原虫的人类红细胞冷冻切片进行分析，以分别确定疟原虫及其红细胞宿主的元素组成。研究了两种抗疟药物青蒿素和氯喹对钾、钠和磷浓度的影响。疟疾感染会导致宿主红细胞中钾浓度降低，钠浓度升高。然而，阳离子组成的剧烈变化仅发生在感染晚期疟原虫（晚期滋养体和裂殖体）的红细胞中。感染早期疟原虫（环状体期）的红细胞钠浓度仅出现微小变化。此外，寄生培养物中未感染的红细胞与正常红细胞在组成上没有差异。用青蒿素（10⁻⁶ M）或氯喹（10⁻⁶ M）处理寄生培养物8小时，会导致早期和晚期疟原虫的磷浓度降低。用青蒿素处理8小时还会使早期和晚期疟原虫的钾浓度降低，钠浓度升高。相比之下，用氯喹处理8小时仅会导致晚期疟原虫的钠和钾浓度发生变化，而不影响早期疟原虫。
