Shin Sunhye, Ajuwon Kolapo M
Interdepartmental Nutrition Program, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, 270S Russell Street, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
Lipids. 2018 Sep;53(9):885-896. doi: 10.1002/lipd.12101.
Fatty acids are involved in the regulation of inflammatory responses in obesity. However, despite being the largest dietary fatty-acid class, effects of 18-carbon fatty acids with different degrees of saturation on inflammatory, metabolic, and thermogenic markers have not been well studied. Therefore, the objective of this study was to test if diets with different 18-carbon fatty-acid profiles differentially regulate inflammatory and metabolic genes. Male C57BL/6 mice were fed one of the four different diets: a control diet (CON) containing 5.6% kcal fat from lard and 4.4% kcal fat from soybean oil (CON) or three high-fat diets (HFD) containing 25% kcal fat from lard and 20% kcal fat from either shea butter oil (saturated fatty-acid-rich fat; shea butter [SHB]), olive oil (monounsaturated fatty-acid-rich fat; olive oil [OO]), or soybean oil (polyunsaturated fatty-acid-rich fat; soybean oil [SBO]) ad libitum for 4 weeks with or without a terminal 4-h lipopolysaccharide (LPS) treatment. Compared to CON, HFD-fed mice had higher weight gain and fat accumulation. The OO group had the highest brown adipose tissue (BAT) mass while the SBO group had higher Il6 and lower Cpt1a expression in white adipose tissue (WAT) than other HFD groups. Treatment with LPS upregulated expression of proinflammatory cytokines, and this was associated with downregulation of thermogenic gene expression. However, the diets did not have differential effects on inflammatory response to LPS. These data indicate that the saturation degree of 18-C fatty acids is not an important factor on response to LPS with regard to metabolic and inflammatory indicators.
脂肪酸参与肥胖症中炎症反应的调节。然而，尽管18碳脂肪酸是膳食中最大的脂肪酸类别，但不同饱和度的18碳脂肪酸对炎症、代谢和产热标志物的影响尚未得到充分研究。因此，本研究的目的是测试具有不同18碳脂肪酸谱的饮食是否对炎症和代谢基因有不同的调节作用。雄性C57BL/6小鼠被喂食四种不同饮食中的一种：对照饮食（CON），含有5.6%千卡来自猪油的脂肪和4.4%千卡来自大豆油的脂肪（CON）；或三种高脂肪饮食（HFD），含有25%千卡来自猪油的脂肪和20%千卡来自乳木果油（富含饱和脂肪酸的脂肪；乳木果油[SHB]）、橄榄油（富含单不饱和脂肪酸的脂肪；橄榄油[OO]）或大豆油（富含多不饱和脂肪酸的脂肪；大豆油[SBO]），随意进食4周，有无终末4小时脂多糖（LPS）处理。与CON组相比，高脂饮食喂养的小鼠体重增加和脂肪堆积更多。OO组的棕色脂肪组织（BAT）质量最高，而SBO组白色脂肪组织（WAT）中的Il6表达较高，Cpt1a表达低于其他高脂饮食组。LPS处理上调了促炎细胞因子的表达，这与产热基因表达的下调有关。然而，这些饮食对LPS的炎症反应没有差异影响。这些数据表明，就代谢和炎症指标而言，18碳脂肪酸的饱和度不是对LPS反应的重要因素。
