MRC/Wits Rural Public Health and Health Transitions Research Unit (Agincourt), School of Public Health, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa.
Harvard Center for Population and Development Studies, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.
Sci Rep. 2018 Nov 23;8(1):17321. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-35584-0.
As part of the Health and Aging in Africa: A Longitudinal Study of an INDEPTH Community in South Africa (HAALSI), we investigated sleep habits and their interactions with HIV or non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in 5059 participants (median age: 61, interquartile range: 52-71, 54% females). Self-reported sleep duration was 8.2 ± 1.6h, and bed and rise times were 20:48 ± 1:15 and 05:31 ± 1:05 respectively. Ratings of insufficient sleep were associated with older age, lack of formal education, unemployment, and obesity (p < 0.05). Ratings of restless sleep were associated with being older, female, having more education, being unemployed, and single. Hypertension was associated with shorter self-reported sleep duration, poor sleep quality, restless sleep, and periods of stopping breathing during the night (p < 0.05). HIV positive individuals not on antiretroviral treatment (ART) reported more nocturnal awakenings than those on ART (p = 0.029) and HIV negative individuals (p = 0.024), suggesting a negative net effect of untreated infection, but not of ART, on sleep quality. In this cohort, shorter, poor-quality sleep was associated with hypertension, but average self-reported sleep duration was longer than reported in other regions globally. It remains to be determined whether this is particular to this cohort, South Africa in general, or low- to middle-income countries undergoing transition.
南非一个 INDEPTH 社区的纵向研究（HAALSI）的一部分，我们调查了 5059 名参与者（中位年龄：61 岁，四分位间距：52-71 岁，54%为女性）的睡眠习惯及其与 HIV 或非传染性疾病（NCDs）的相互作用。自我报告的睡眠时间为 8.2±1.6 小时，上床和起床时间分别为 20:48±1:15 和 05:31±1:05。睡眠不足的评分与年龄较大、缺乏正规教育、失业和肥胖有关（p<0.05）。睡眠不安评分与年龄较大、女性、受教育程度较高、失业和单身有关。高血压与自我报告的睡眠时间较短、睡眠质量差、睡眠不安和夜间呼吸暂停有关（p<0.05）。未接受抗逆转录病毒治疗（ART）的 HIV 阳性个体比接受 ART 的个体（p=0.029）和 HIV 阴性个体（p=0.024）报告更多的夜间觉醒，这表明未治疗的感染对睡眠质量有负面影响，但 ART 没有这种影响。在本队列中，较短、较差的睡眠质量与高血压有关，但平均自我报告的睡眠时间比全球其他地区报告的要长。目前尚不清楚这是特定于该队列、南非还是正在经历转型的中低收入国家的情况。
