Jasim Hayder Nsaif, Hafidh Rand Riadh, Abdulamir Ahmed Sahib
College of Medicine, AL-Nahrain University, Medical Microbiology Department, Baghdad, Iraq.
College of Medicine, Baghdad University, Department of Microbiology, Baghdad, Iraq.
Iran J Basic Med Sci. 2018 Nov;21(11):1100-1108. doi: 10.22038/IJBMS.2018.27307.6665.
Phage therapy is a potential alternative treatment for infections caused by , a significant nosocomial pathogen, which has evolved resistance to almost all conventional antimicrobial drugs in poor hygiene and conflicts areas such as Iraq.
Bacteriophages were isolated to highly resistant isolates of to form therapeutic phage cocktail, and to extract and evaluate native endolysin activity. Bacterial samples were collected in Al-Imamein Al-kadhimein Medical City Hospital. Phages were isolated from different regions in Baghdad city including (soil, sewage, irrigation channels). Phage endolysin was extracted from highly lytic phages that produced halo-like appearance around inhibition zone.
Up to 23 isolates of extensive- and pan- drug resistant (XDR, PDR) were isolated from patients with various infections, and 136 lytic phages specific to were isolated. Each bacterial isolate was sensitive to at least one lytic phage. Accordingly, a phage cocktail was formulated which remarkably minimized bacterial resistance to lysis by phages when compared to individual lytic phages. And, the phage cocktail succeeded in treating and saving life of all bacteremic mice with versus the non-treated group. In addition, the endolysin native activity to was evaluated in this study; endolysin revealed a potent antibacterial activity (> 1 log) reduction of bacterial density in just one hour of endolysin treatment.
The phage therapy assessed in this study showed an ability to efficiently solve the problems of "superbug" bacteria by lysing effectively most XDR, PDR bacteria and . And, phage cocktail was shown to be superior over single-phage preparations in treating with much less resistance rate to therapeutic phages. Furthermore, intrinsic activity of native endolysin revealed promising results to tackling superbug pathogens.
噬菌体疗法是治疗由[病原菌名称未给出]引起的感染的一种潜在替代疗法,[病原菌名称未给出]是一种重要的医院感染病原菌,在伊拉克等卫生条件差和冲突地区,它已对几乎所有传统抗菌药物产生耐药性。
分离噬菌体以获得对[病原菌名称未给出]高度耐药的菌株,从而形成治疗性噬菌体鸡尾酒制剂,并提取和评估天然内溶素活性。细菌样本采集自卡迪米因伊玛目医疗城医院。噬菌体从巴格达市的不同区域分离得到,包括(土壤、污水、灌溉渠道)。噬菌体内溶素从在抑菌圈周围产生晕圈样外观的高裂解性噬菌体中提取。
从患有各种感染的患者中分离出多达23株广泛耐药和泛耐药(XDR、PDR)的[病原菌名称未给出]菌株,并分离出136株对[病原菌名称未给出]具有特异性的裂解性噬菌体。每个细菌菌株至少对一种裂解性噬菌体敏感。因此,制备了一种噬菌体鸡尾酒制剂,与单个裂解性噬菌体相比,它能显著降低细菌对噬菌体裂解的耐药性。并且,该噬菌体鸡尾酒制剂成功治疗并挽救了所有感染[病原菌名称未给出]的菌血症小鼠的生命,而未治疗组小鼠全部死亡。此外,本研究评估了天然内溶素对[病原菌名称未给出]的活性;内溶素在仅一小时的处理后就显示出强大的抗菌活性(细菌密度降低>1个对数)。
本研究中评估的噬菌体疗法显示出能够通过有效裂解大多数XDR、PDR细菌[病原菌名称未给出]和[另一病原菌名称未给出]来有效解决“超级细菌”问题的能力。并且,噬菌体鸡尾酒制剂在治疗[病原菌名称未给出]方面显示出优于单噬菌体制剂的效果,对治疗性噬菌体的耐药率要低得多。此外,天然内溶素的固有活性在应对超级细菌病原体方面显示出有前景的结果。