Cheaib Dina, El Darra Nada, Rajha Hiba N, El-Ghazzawi Iman, Mouneimne Youssef, Jammoul Adla, Maroun Richard G, Louka Nicolas
Faculty of Sciences, Beirut Arab University, P.O. Box 115020, Riad El Solh, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon.
Faculty of Heath Sciences, Beirut Arab University, Tarik El Jedidah⁻Beirut, P.O. Box 115020, Riad EL Solh, Beirut 1107 2809, Lebanon.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2018 Nov 27;7(12):174. doi: 10.3390/antiox7120174.
The valorization of industrial food byproducts by means of environment-friendly extraction methods is becoming a major interest because of its environmental and economic values. In this study, the efficiency of many technologies, such as ultrasounds (US), microwaves (MW), and infrared (IR), was compared, in terms of polyphenol yield and bioactivity from apricot pomace. IR was the most effective method with the highest polyphenol (10 mg GAE/g DM), flavonoid (6 mg CE/g DM), and tannin (3.6 mg/L) yields. In terms of efficacy, IR was followed by MW, US, then solid-liquid (S/L) extraction. IR extract from apricot pomace exhibited the highest inhibitory activity against all the studied gram-positive strains ( and ) and a one gram-negative strain (). Moreover, IR extracts had by far the highest antiradical activity (AC) (40%) followed by MW (31%), US (28%), and then S/L (15%). High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) permitted the identification and quantification of rutin in all extracts; whereas catechin was detected in those of IR (3.1 μg/g DM), MW (2.1 μg/g DM), and US (1.5 μg/g DM). Epicatechin was exclusively found in IR extract (4 μg/g DM), suggesting the selectivity of IR towards this compound. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the IR technique induced the highest cellular and structural damage in apricot pomace, which could explain the effectiveness of this technology.
由于其环境和经济价值，通过环保提取方法对工业食品副产品进行增值正成为一个主要关注点。在本研究中，比较了多种技术（如超声（US）、微波（MW）和红外（IR））从杏渣中提取多酚的产率和生物活性方面的效率。IR是最有效的方法，多酚（10 mg GAE/g DM）、黄酮类化合物（6 mg CE/g DM）和单宁（3.6 mg/L）的产率最高。在功效方面，IR之后是MW、US，然后是固液（S/L）提取。杏渣的IR提取物对所有研究的革兰氏阳性菌株（和）和一种革兰氏阴性菌株（）表现出最高的抑制活性。此外，IR提取物的抗自由基活性（AC）迄今为止最高（40%），其次是MW（31%）、US（28%），然后是S/L（15%）。高效液相色谱（HPLC）能够鉴定和定量所有提取物中的芦丁；而儿茶素在IR提取物（3.1 μg/g DM）、MW提取物（2.1 μg/g DM）和US提取物（1.5 μg/g DM）中被检测到。表儿茶素仅在IR提取物中被发现（4 μg/g DM），表明IR对该化合物具有选择性。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）显示，IR技术对杏渣造成的细胞和结构损伤最大，这可以解释该技术的有效性。
