Division of General Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine Sasayama Medical Center, Sasayama, Hyogo 669-2321, Japan.
Nutrients. 2018 Dec 14;10(12):1982. doi: 10.3390/nu10121982.
To develop effective nutritional interventions for preventing frailty, the specific problems associated with the dietary habits of individuals based on sex differences must be identified. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the association between dietary habits and frailty in rural Japanese community-dwelling older adults. We recruited 800 participants, aged 65 and older, who underwent a comprehensive health examination between November 2015 and December 2017. Dietary habits were assessed by a brief self-administered dietary history questionnaire. Frailty was determined using either the Kihon Checklist (KCL) or the Japanese version of the Cardiovascular Health Study (J-CHS). The percentage of frail older adults was 8.4% according to KCL and 4.0% according to J-CHS. Various kinds of nutrient intakes, including three major nutrients, minerals, and vitamins in frail men, according to KCL, were the lowest. By contrast, there were no differences in nutrient intake between the robust, prefrail, and frail female groups according to KCL. We found significant associations of the intakes of soluble dietary fiber, potassium, folate, and vitamin C with a frail status in men ( = 0.035, 0.023. 0.012, and 0.007, respectively), and an association of the intake of vitamin C with a frail status in women ( = 0.027) according to J-CHS. Attention should be paid to the diagnostic criteria of frailty and to sex differences, when nutritional interventions for the prevention of frailty are planned.
为了制定有效的营养干预措施来预防虚弱，必须确定与个体饮食习惯相关的具体问题，这些问题基于性别差异。本研究旨在评估饮食习惯与农村日本社区居住的老年人群中虚弱之间的关联。我们招募了 800 名年龄在 65 岁及以上的参与者，他们在 2015 年 11 月至 2017 年 12 月期间接受了全面的健康检查。通过简短的自我管理饮食史问卷评估饮食习惯。通过 Kihon Checklist (KCL) 或日本心血管健康研究（J-CHS）确定虚弱状态。根据 KCL，虚弱老年人的比例为 8.4%，根据 J-CHS 为 4.0%。根据 KCL，虚弱男性摄入的各种营养素，包括三大营养素、矿物质和维生素，最低。相比之下，根据 KCL，强壮、虚弱前期和虚弱女性组之间的营养素摄入没有差异。我们发现，男性中可溶性膳食纤维、钾、叶酸和维生素 C 的摄入量与虚弱状态呈显著相关（分别为 = 0.035、0.023、0.012 和 0.007），女性中维生素 C 的摄入量与虚弱状态呈显著相关（ = 0.027），根据 J-CHS。在计划预防虚弱的营养干预措施时，应注意虚弱的诊断标准和性别差异。
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