School of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, The University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD, Australia.
UQ Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Herston, QLD, Australia.
Sports Med. 2019 Jan;49(1):67-82. doi: 10.1007/s40279-018-01039-9.
Age-related cognitive decline is a worldwide challenge, highlighting the need for safe, effective interventions that benefit cognition in older adults. Harnessing the immediate and long-term pleiotropic effects of aerobic exercise is one approach that has gained increasing interest.
The aim of this review is to provide knowledge on the immediate effects of acute aerobic exercise on cognitive function of healthy older adults and to assess the methodological quality of studies investigating these effects.
A database search in PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov and Google Scholar was conducted using a systematic search strategy.
Fifteen studies were identified and cognitive domains investigated included executive function and visual perception. Results from 14 of 15 studies showed that an acute bout of aerobic exercise can enhance at least one subsequent cognitive performance of healthy older adults when measured within 15 min post-exercise.
The small number of studies available, the limited domains of cognition investigated, the great variability between research protocols, and the low overall quality rating limits the conclusions that can be drawn. More comprehensive randomised controlled trials are needed to address these limitations and verify the potential benefits of acute aerobic exercise.
与年龄相关的认知能力下降是一个全球性的挑战，这凸显了需要安全、有效的干预措施来改善老年人的认知能力。利用有氧运动的即时和长期多效作用是一种越来越受到关注的方法。
本综述旨在提供关于急性有氧运动对健康老年人认知功能的即时影响的知识，并评估研究这些影响的研究方法的质量。
使用系统的搜索策略，在 PubMed、CINAHL、Cochrane 中央对照试验注册中心、Embase、PsycINFO、Web of Science、ClinicalTrials.gov 和 Google Scholar 数据库中进行了检索。
确定了 15 项研究，研究的认知领域包括执行功能和视觉感知。15 项研究中的 14 项研究结果表明，急性有氧运动可以在运动后 15 分钟内提高健康老年人的至少一项后续认知表现。
由于可用的研究数量有限，研究的认知领域有限，研究方案之间的差异很大，以及整体质量评级较低，限制了可以得出的结论。需要更全面的随机对照试验来解决这些限制，并验证急性有氧运动的潜在益处。
