Epidemiology Unit, Livestock Breeding and Veterinary Department, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Irrigation, Yangon, Myanmar.
National FMD Laboratory, Yangon, Myanmar.
Transbound Emerg Dis. 2019 Mar;66(2):1067-1072. doi: 10.1111/tbed.13112. Epub 2019 Jan 10.
In January 2017, two villages located in Rakhine State of Myanmar reported clinical signs in cattle suggestive of foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) infection. Laboratory analysis identified the outbreak virus as FMDV serotype Asia 1, which represented the first detection of this serotype in Myanmar since 2005 and in the region of South-East Asia (SEA) since 2007. Genetic analysis revealed that the outbreak virus was different from historical viruses from Myanmar and was more closely related to viruses circulating in Bangladesh and India during 2012-2013, indicating that a novel viral introduction had occurred. The precise origin of the outbreaks was not clear, but frequent informal livestock trade with South Asia was reported. Responses to the outbreaks involved disinfection, quarantine and animal movement restrictions; no further outbreaks were detected under the present passive surveillance system. Detection of serotype Asia 1 highlights the complex and dynamic nature of FMDV in SEA. Active surveillance is needed to assess the extent and distribution of this exotic Asia 1 strain and continued vigilance to timely detect the occurrence of emerging and re-emerging FMDV strains is essential.
2017 年 1 月，缅甸若开邦的两个村庄报告出现了疑似口蹄疫病毒（FMDV）感染的临床症状。实验室分析确定爆发病毒为 FMDV 血清型亚洲 1 型，这是自 2005 年以来缅甸首次检测到该血清型，也是自 2007 年以来东南亚地区（SEA）首次检测到该血清型。遗传分析表明，爆发病毒与缅甸的历史病毒不同，与 2012-2013 年期间在孟加拉国和印度流行的病毒更为密切相关，表明发生了新的病毒传入。爆发的确切来源尚不清楚，但据报道与南亚的非正式牲畜贸易频繁。疫情应对措施包括消毒、隔离和动物移动限制；在目前的被动监测系统下，未再检测到新的疫情。血清型亚洲 1 型的检测突出了 SEA 中 FMDV 的复杂和动态性质。需要进行主动监测，以评估这种外来亚洲 1 型菌株的范围和分布，并保持警惕，及时发现新出现和重新出现的 FMDV 菌株。
