State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Novel Functional Polymeric Materials, College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Soochow University, 199 Ren'ai Road, Suzhou, 215123, P. R. China.
Adv Healthc Mater. 2019 Feb;8(3):e1801381. doi: 10.1002/adhm.201801381. Epub 2019 Jan 4.
Antibacterial coatings that eliminate initial bacterial attachment and prevent subsequent biofilm formation are essential in a number of applications, especially implanted medical devices. Although various approaches, including bacteria-repelling and bacteria-killing mechanisms, have been developed, none of them have been entirely successful due to their inherent drawbacks. In recent years, antibacterial coatings that are responsive to the bacterial microenvironment, that possess two or more killing mechanisms, or that have triggered-cleaning capability have emerged as promising solutions for bacterial infection and contamination problems. This review focuses on recent progress on three types of such responsive and synergistic antibacterial coatings, including i) self-defensive antibacterial coatings, which can "turn on" biocidal activity in response to a bacteria-containing microenvironment; ii) synergistic antibacterial coatings, which possess two or more killing mechanisms that interact synergistically to reinforce each other; and iii) smart "kill-and-release" antibacterial coatings, which can switch functionality between bacteria killing and bacteria releasing under a proper stimulus. The design principles and potential applications of these coatings are discussed and a brief perspective on remaining challenges and future research directions is presented.
抗菌涂层可以消除初始细菌附着并防止随后的生物膜形成，在许多应用中至关重要，尤其是植入式医疗设备。尽管已经开发了各种方法，包括细菌排斥和杀菌机制，但由于其固有缺陷，没有一种方法完全成功。近年来，对细菌微环境有响应、具有两种或多种杀菌机制或具有触发清洁能力的抗菌涂层已成为解决细菌感染和污染问题的有前途的解决方案。本文重点介绍了三种这种响应性和协同抗菌涂层的最新进展，包括 i）自我防御抗菌涂层，它可以“开启”杀菌活性以响应含细菌的微环境；ii）协同抗菌涂层，它具有两种或多种协同作用的杀菌机制，以相互增强；iii）智能“杀灭-释放”抗菌涂层，它可以在适当的刺激下在杀菌和释放细菌之间切换功能。讨论了这些涂层的设计原则和潜在应用，并对剩余挑战和未来研究方向进行了简要展望。
