Department of Animal Production, Faculty of Agriculture, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
Department of Fish Diseases and Management, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafrelsheikh, 33516, Egypt.
Probiotics Antimicrob Proteins. 2020 Mar;12(1):172-183. doi: 10.1007/s12602-018-9513-9.
Probiotic, prebiotic, and synbiotic application have got considerable attention in aquaculture as a functional feed additive. This trial was considered to assess the synbiotic potential of Aspergillus oryzae (ASP) and β-glucan (BG) on growth, antioxidant status, and immunomodulation of Nile tilapia. For 60 days fish fed the control, or three diets incorporated with 1 ASP, 1 BG, or 0.5 ASP + 0.5 BG g kg (control, ASP, BG, and ASP/BG diets). After final sampling, fish fed ASP, BG, or ASP/BG diets exhibited significant (P < 0.05) increase in the growth and feed efficiency (FBW, WG, SGR, FER, and PER). Modulation of blood hematocrit, hemoglobin, RBC, WBC, total protein, and digestive enzymes was also recorded in the ASP, BG, or ASP/BG diets with the peak presence in the synbiotic group. However, decreased blood triglyceride was reported in fish fed ASP or ASP/BG diets. A significant (P < 0.05) elevation in villi length was observed by dietary supplementation of synbiotic over the other regimes. Further, ASP or synbiotic additives effectively elevated the activity of antioxidative enzymes (SOD and CAT), while GPX enhanced in ASP, BG, or ASP/BG groups. But, the oxidative enzyme (MDA) decreased in ASP or ASP/BG groups compared to the other groups. ASP or ASP/BG supplementation enhanced NBT, IgM, lysozyme, bactericidal, and phagocytosis which indicated improved immunity of tilapia by synbiotic additives. Accordingly, the use of synbiotic is an efficient approach to reach economically feasible and sustainable tilapia production.
益生菌、益生元和合生元作为功能性饲料添加剂在水产养殖中受到了相当大的关注。本试验旨在评估米曲霉（ASP）和β-葡聚糖（BG）对尼罗罗非鱼生长、抗氧化状态和免疫调节的合生元潜力。60 天的试验中，鱼分别投喂基础饲料或添加 1 ASP、1 BG 或 0.5 ASP+0.5 BG g kg（对照组、ASP 组、BG 组和 ASP/BG 组）的三种饲料。最后一次采样后，投喂 ASP、BG 或 ASP/BG 饲料的鱼的生长和饲料效率（FBW、WG、SGR、FER 和 PER）显著提高（P<0.05）。ASP、BG 或 ASP/BG 饲料也能调节血液血细胞比容、血红蛋白、红细胞、白细胞、总蛋白和消化酶，其中以合生元组的峰值最高。然而，投喂 ASP 或 ASP/BG 饲料的鱼的血液甘油三酯水平降低。通过合生元补充，发现鱼的肠绒毛长度显著增加（P<0.05），优于其他组。此外，添加 ASP 或合生元可有效提高抗氧化酶（SOD 和 CAT）的活性，而 GPX 在 ASP、BG 或 ASP/BG 组中增强。但与其他组相比，ASP 或 ASP/BG 组的氧化酶（MDA）降低。ASP 或 ASP/BG 补充可增强 NBT、IgM、溶菌酶、杀菌和吞噬作用，表明合生元添加剂可提高罗非鱼的免疫力。因此，使用合生元是一种高效的方法，可以实现经济可行和可持续的罗非鱼生产。
