Kishi Yusuke, Gotoh Yukiko
Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
International Research Center for Neurointelligence (WPI-IRCN), The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Front Neurosci. 2018 Dec 11;12:874. doi: 10.3389/fnins.2018.00874. eCollection 2018.
The regulation of genome architecture is a key determinant of gene transcription patterns and neural development. Advances in methodologies based on chromatin conformation capture (3C) have shed light on the genome-wide organization of chromatin in developmental processes. Here, we review recent discoveries regarding the regulation of three-dimensional (3D) chromatin conformation, including promoter-enhancer looping, and the dynamics of large chromatin domains such as topologically associated domains (TADs) and A/B compartments. We conclude with perspectives on how these conformational changes govern neural development and may go awry in disease states.
基因组结构的调控是基因转录模式和神经发育的关键决定因素。基于染色质构象捕获（3C）的方法学进展为发育过程中染色质的全基因组组织提供了线索。在这里，我们综述了关于三维（3D）染色质构象调控的最新发现，包括启动子-增强子环化，以及诸如拓扑相关结构域（TADs）和A/B区室等大型染色质结构域的动态变化。我们最后展望了这些构象变化如何控制神经发育以及在疾病状态下可能出现的异常情况。
