Dai Hai-Xia, An Jing-Yu, Li Li, Huang Cheng, Yan Ru-Sha, Zhu Shu-Hui, Ma Ying-Ge, Song Wei-Min, Kan Hai-Dong
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of the Cause and Prevention of Urban Air Pollution Complex, Shanghai Academy of Environmental Sciences, Shanghai 200233, China.
Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of Ministry of Education, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
Huan Jing Ke Xue. 2019 Jan 8;40(1):24-32. doi: 10.13227/j.hjkx.201804201.
To understand the public health benefits of the Clean Air Action Plan implemented in Shanghai from 2013-2017, the changes of the PM exposure levels and related health and economic benefits were quantitatively evaluated by using air quality numerical modeling, health risk assessment, and environmental valuation methods. The results show that the proportion of the population exposed to a mean annual PM concentration lower than or equal to 35 μg·m has increased from 1.62% in the base year to 34.06% in the control year. The death risk attributable to ambient PM exposure decreased from 15.2% in the base year to 11.9% in the control year. The total health benefits are approximately 11.841 billion RMB(95% CI:5.024-17.819 billion RMB), accounting for 0.55%(95% CI:0.23%-0.82%)of Shanghai's GDP in 2013. The implementation of the action plan has a positive effect on the protection of the health of the population. Health benefits in areas with dense populations and high PM declines are more pronounced within the outer ring line of Shanghai City.
为了解上海市2013 - 2017年实施的《清洁空气行动计划》对公众健康的益处，运用空气质量数值模拟、健康风险评估和环境价值评估方法，对细颗粒物（PM）暴露水平的变化以及相关健康和经济效益进行了定量评估。结果显示，年均PM浓度低于或等于35μg·m³的人口比例从基准年的1.62%增至对照年的34.06%。因环境PM暴露导致的死亡风险从基准年的15.2%降至对照年的11.9%。总健康效益约为118.41亿元人民币（95%置信区间：50.24 - 178.19亿元人民币），占2013年上海市GDP的0.55%（95%置信区间：0.23% - 0.82%）。该行动计划的实施对保护人群健康具有积极作用。在上海市外环线以内，人口密集且PM下降幅度大的区域健康效益更为显著。
