Tröscher-Mußotter Johanna, Tilocca Bruno, Stefanski Volker, Seifert Jana
Institute of Animal Science, University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Str. 6-10, 70567 Stuttgart, Germany.
Proteomes. 2019 Jan 10;7(1):4. doi: 10.3390/proteomes7010004.
Pigs are among the most important farm animals worldwide and research to optimize their feed efficiency and improve their welfare is still in progress. The porcine intestinal microbiome is so far mainly known from sequencing-based studies. Digesta and mucosa samples from five different porcine gastrointestinal tract sections were analyzed by metaproteomics to obtain a deeper insight into the functions of bacterial groups with concomitant analyses of host proteins. Firmicutes (Prevotellaceae) dominated mucosa and digesta samples, followed by Bacteroidetes. Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria were much higher in abundance in mucosa compared to digesta samples. Functional profiling reveals the presence of core functions shared between digesta and mucosa samples. Protein abundances of energy production and conversion were higher in mucosa samples, whereas in digesta samples more proteins were involved in lipid transport and metabolism; short-chain fatty acids production were detected. Differences were also highlighted between sections, with the small intestine appearing more involved in carbohydrate transport and metabolism than the large intestine. Thus, this study produced the first functional analyses of the porcine GIT biology, discussing the findings in relation to expected bacterial and host functions.
猪是全球最重要的家畜之一，目前仍在进行优化其饲料效率和改善其福利的研究。到目前为止，猪肠道微生物群主要是通过基于测序的研究得知的。通过元蛋白质组学分析了来自五个不同猪胃肠道部位的消化物和黏膜样本，以便更深入地了解细菌群的功能，并同时分析宿主蛋白。厚壁菌门（普雷沃氏菌科）在黏膜和消化物样本中占主导地位，其次是拟杆菌门。与消化物样本相比，放线菌门和变形菌门在黏膜中的丰度要高得多。功能分析揭示了消化物和黏膜样本之间存在共同的核心功能。黏膜样本中能量产生和转化的蛋白质丰度较高，而在消化物样本中，更多蛋白质参与脂质运输和代谢；检测到了短链脂肪酸的产生。各部位之间也存在差异，小肠似乎比大肠更多地参与碳水化合物的运输和代谢。因此，本研究首次对猪胃肠道生物学进行了功能分析，并结合预期的细菌和宿主功能对研究结果进行了讨论。
