Department of Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
Department of Biostatistics and Data Science, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC, 27157, USA.
Drug Alcohol Depend. 2019 Mar 1;196:9-13. doi: 10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.11.030. Epub 2019 Jan 11.
Little is known about the prevalence of adverse symptoms electronic cigarette (e-cigarette) users report experiencing.
Between August 2016 and May 2017, we conducted a nationally representative cross-sectional telephone survey of 4964 US adults age 18 and over. Respondents who reported ever trying e-cigarettes were asked whether they ever experienced six symptoms they thought were caused by e-cigarette use. In weighted analyses, we assessed whether symptoms varied by demographics, e-cigarette use frequency, and cigarette smoking status.
Approximately one-fourth of respondents (n = 1,624, 26.8%) reported ever trying e-cigarettes. Most were current (40.3%) or former (30.7%) cigarette smokers, with 29.0% never smokers. Just over half (58.2%) reported at least one symptom and on average 1.6 (SE = 0.1) symptoms. Symptoms included cough (40.0%), dry or irritated mouth or throat (31.0%), dizziness or lightheadedness (27.1%), headache or migraine (21.9%), shortness of breath (18.1%), change in or loss of taste (12.9%), or other (6.2%; most commonly nausea, tight chest, congestion). Among past 30-day e-cigarette users, current and never cigarette smokers were more likely than former smokers to report any symptoms (AOR = 5.25, CI = 2.05-13.46 and AOR = 2.58, CI = 0.85-7.81, respectively).
A majority of e-cigarette users reported at least one symptom, most commonly cough or dry or irritated mouth or throat. Former cigarette smokers who used e-cigarettes in the past 30 days were less likely than current or never smokers to report adverse symptoms of e-cigarette use. Future research should examine frequency of symptoms among different user groups to understand how e-cigarettes may influence public health.
关于电子烟使用者报告的不良症状的流行情况，我们知之甚少。
在 2016 年 8 月至 2017 年 5 月期间，我们对 4964 名年龄在 18 岁及以上的美国成年人进行了一项全国性的代表性横断面电话调查。报告曾尝试使用电子烟的受访者被问及他们是否曾经历过他们认为是电子烟使用引起的六种症状。在加权分析中，我们评估了症状是否因人口统计学因素、电子烟使用频率和吸烟状况而有所不同。
大约四分之一的受访者（n=1624，26.8%）报告曾尝试使用电子烟。大多数是当前（40.3%）或以前（30.7%）的香烟吸烟者，29.0%从未吸烟者。略多于一半（58.2%）报告至少有一种症状，平均为 1.6（SE=0.1）种症状。症状包括咳嗽（40.0%）、口干或喉咙痛（31.0%）、头晕或头晕（27.1%）、头痛或偏头痛（21.9%）、呼吸急促（18.1%）、味觉改变或丧失（12.9%）或其他症状（6.2%；最常见的是恶心、胸闷、鼻塞）。在过去 30 天使用电子烟的人群中，当前和从不吸烟的香烟吸烟者比以前的吸烟者更有可能报告任何症状（AOR=5.25，CI=2.05-13.46 和 AOR=2.58，CI=0.85-7.81）。
大多数电子烟使用者报告至少有一种症状，最常见的是咳嗽或口干或喉咙痛。过去 30 天使用电子烟的前香烟吸烟者报告电子烟使用不良症状的可能性低于当前或从不吸烟者。未来的研究应检查不同用户群体中症状的频率，以了解电子烟如何影响公共健康。
